| A | B |
|---|
| The molten mixture of rock forming substances, gases, and water deep in Earth's mantle. | magma |
| The measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance. | density |
| The supercontinent that began to break apart 250 million years ago. | Pangaea |
| A force that builds up mountains and landmasses on Earth's surface. | constructive force |
| The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface and were once all joined together to form a supercontinent called Pangaea. | continental drift |
| A plate boundary where two plates move toward eachother. | convergent boundary. |
| A force that slowly wears away mountains and other features on the surface of the Earth. | destructive force |
| A plate boundary where two plates move away from eachother. | divergent boundary |
| The Theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle. | Plate Tectonics |
| A major belt of volcanoes that rims the Pacific Ocean. | Ring of Fire |
| The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor. | sea-floor spreading |
| The process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent boundary. | subduction |
| A plate boundary where two plates move past eachother in opposite directions. | transform boundary |
| Liquid magma that reaches the surface. | lava |
| ancient fern fossil used as evidence to support Continental Drift | glossopteris |
| proposed the mechanism that causes the continents to move...convection | Arthur Holmes |
| proposed the Theory of Continental Drift in 1912 | Alfred Wegener |
| heat is transferred through empty space | radiation |
| the amount of matter in an object | mass |
| the amount of space an object takes up | volume |
| the amount of mass in a given volume | density |
| The force that pulls cooler, denser materials downward | gravity |
| heat is transferred by direct contact of particles | conduction |
| heat is transferred through a fluid | convection |
| The source of heat for convection in the upper mantle (asthenosphere). | core |
| The upper mantle, where convection takes place. | asthenosphere |
| observations which include numbers and measurements | quantitative observation |
| observation made using your senses | qualitative observation |
| A fluid become ________ dense when heated. | less |
| A fluid becomes _______ dense when cooled. | more |
| The geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's crust are in constant, slow motion. | Plate Tectonics |
| A deep valley on land that forms along a divergent boundary. | rift |
| The lithosphere is broken into separate sections called _______. | plates |
| A deep valley that forms under water where an oceanic plate slips under a continental plate. | trench |
| A raised area or mountain range under the ocean formed by diverging boundaries. | mid-ocean ridge |
