| A | B |
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| This group of people supported the American Revolution, formed the Sons of Liberty, and did not support British rule like the Loyalist living in the colonies. | Patriots |
| The name Boston MASSACRE was given to the eventhat occurred on Mar. 5, 1770 | to Create anti-British feelings in the colonies. |
| The biggest reason the colonists resented the Stamp Act: | They had no representatives to vote on the tax: TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION |
| How did Britain respond to the Boston Tea Party? | the passed the Coercive Acts called the Intolerable Acts by the colonists |
| How did Britain increase its control over the colonies? | It passed laws and required colonists to pay taxes |
| After colonists and British troops clashed at Lexington and Concord it was evident | the militia was no match for the well-trained British troops and they may need to change their fighting tactics |
| Patrick Henry, a Patriot, gave a famous speech using this famous phrase: | "Give me liberty, or give me death" |
| The pamphlet written by Thomas Paine called Common Sense was intended to do what? | Persuade colonists that America should be independent |
| What was the main reason the Declaration of Independence written? | to explain why the colonists were separating from Britain |
| According to Thomas Jefferson in the Dec. of Indep, the power to rule comes from whom? | the people (citizens) |
| The significance of the American victory at the Battle of Saratoga was? | Europeans (the French) came to the aid of the colonists |
| This is a form of protest where people refuse to buy, use, or sell certain products; used by the colonists vs. Britain | boycott |
| This leader in the Revolution formed the Sons of Liberty which lead the protest movement in the colonies: | Samuel Adams |
| The Continental Army received valuable and necessary training here under adverse conditions: | Valley Forge |
| What is an excise tax; placed on farmers in the West making whiskey | a tax placed on the production or sale of a product |
| What was the Whiskey Rebellion? | Farmers refused to pay excise taxes on the Whiskey they were producing |
| Why did Pres. Washington send troops to the west to put down the Whiskey Rebellion? | He was enforcing the laws; he saw the rebellion as a threat to gov. authority |
| What was one of the biggest issues that separated the Dem-Repub. and Federalist parties? | How strong the national gov. should be |
| What was 1 thing Alexander Hamilton (Sec. of Treasury) thought was important for the U.S. to be a great nation? | a strong economy based on manufacturing and trade |
| Dem-Republicans believed the U.S. economy should be based on what? | agriculture |
| Why did most Dem-Republicans support the French Revolution? | They were doing what America did; fight for Democracy |
| Why did Federalists favor good relations with Britain | they depended on their business and trade |
| Why did Alexander Hamilton think the National Bank was necessary? | It would provide loans to those starting or expanding business |
| How did the Dem-Republican view the Alien and Sedition Acts? | as an attack on the 1st Amendment; freedom of speech |
| What is the STATES RIGHTS THEORY? | states could nullify a law passed by the Fed. Gov. if they believed it was unconstitutional |
| Which event led to the passage of the 12th Amendment and why? | the election of 1800; Electors must cast separate ballots for pres and v.pres. |
| In his Farewell Address, Washington's view on foreign policy was what? | isolationism and neutrality |
| President Adams biggest challenge while president regarding interactions w/other nations was: | attacks on U.S. ships by both the French and the British |
| What was the result of the Jay Treaty in 1796? | the British removed their troops from the Ohio Valley |
| What was the slogan used by the U.S. in response to the XYZ Affair? | "Millions for defense, not 1 cent for tributes!" |
| While Britain and France were at war, why did they both seize U.S. ships? | They both wanted the U.S. as an ally against the other |
| What was the results of the Embargo Act on the U.S.? | Hurt those in shipping causing losses of jobs because ships were not allowed out of the U.S. |
| Why did the War Hawks want war with Britain? | They wanted to drive the British out of Canada |
| Why did the Battle of New Orleans take place AFTER a treaty was signed to end the War of 1812? | The armies hadn't been made aware of that fact; slow communication |
| What were the results of the War of 1812? | Federalist power decreased; U.S. pride grew; Indian resistance in West decreased |
| What event led to the issuing of the Monroe Doctrine? | independence movement of Latin American countries; Spain vowed to get their colonies back w/help from Europe |
| What was the main goal of the Monroe Doctrine | prevent European interference in the Western Hemisphere |
| What was the result of the Monroe Doctrine? | The U.S. gained respect; noone challenged the Doctrine! |
| What economic system does the U.S. practice, promoted by Henry Clay's American System? | capitalism |
| Describe the capitalism form of economy: | private ownership of business as opposed to government ownership |
| Chief Justice John Marshall's Sup. Ct decisions in the early 1800's promoted what? | they increased the power of the federal government over the states |
| How is a presidential election decided if their is a tie? | the election is decided by the House of Reps w/ea. state getting a vote |
| What was the biggest fear about a strong central gov after the Revolution? | rights fought for would be lost |
| What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? | Congress couldn't collect taxes, or settle disputes of the states |
| What land was affected by the Land Ordinance of 1785 | Northwest Territories: OH, MI, WI, IL, IN |
| What did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 establish? | how territories could become states |
| What is the significance of Shays Rebellion? | It made it clear the Articles of Confed were a failure which led to the Constitution |
| What was the biggest challenge for delegates at the Constitutional Convention? | how to balance the interests of the Large States and the Small States |
| What were the results of the Great Compromise? | Representation in House based on pop. / in Senate 2 per state |
| What was the biggest concern of those opponents of the Constitution? | giving up state power to make a stronger central government |
| What is a FEDERAL system of government? | power is shared by the national and state governments |
| Which political party Feds or Antifeds, supported the new Constitution? | Federalists |
| Why is the Constitution called a "living document"? | It changes and adapts with time w/few changes |
| Why does the Constitution start with the words "WE THE PEOPLE"? | the power of the government comes FROM THE PEOPLE |
| What is the main responsibility of Congress? | make the laws; legislate |
| Why do we have a system of Checks and Balances in our government? | to prevent any one branch of government from becoming too powerful |
| What are the main duties of the President? | negotiate treaties, carry out (enforce) laws, nominate federal judges |
| What is the responsibility of the Judicial Branch (Sup. Ct.) | to resolve disputes under the law; (Judicial Review) |
| Name a power shared by federal gov and the state governments: | taxation, building roads, passing laws... |
| What is federalism? | sharing of powers between the states and the national government |
| Why did some states refuse the approve the Constitution? | NO BILL OF RIGHTS |
| What is a major purpose of the Bill of Rights? | to LIMIT THE POWER OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT |
| What rights are in the First Amendment? | Basic freedoms of all people: freedom of speech, press, assembly, religion... |
| What do we know about government and religion? | SEPARATION OF CHURCH AND STATE; gov and religion separate; No national religion |
| What group is responsible for PROTECTING the rights of the Bill of Rights? | Federal courts (Supreme Court) |
| Why is important to have FREEDOM OF THE PRESS? | it allows citizens to be informed and know what government is doing |
| What guarantees that people have the right to protest an action of government? | Right to Assemble |
| The 2nd Amendment is often debated, what right does this protect? | right to bear arms |
| What is "Due Process"? | Rules gov. must follow while carrying out laws |
| What is a blockade? | Using (Navy) ships to block incoming and outgoing ships, used by the British due to Coercive Acts |
| What is an economy? | System of producing, distributing, consuming, and owning of goods and services. |
| What is ethnicity? | traits, backgrounds, and customs associated with a group of people. |
| What is diversity? | A variety of cultures, languages, or races. |
| What is a territory? | Lands under the jurisdiction of a state or a nation. |
| What is a state? | A politically unified people living in a an area; ex: MICHIGAN |
| What is a commercial farmer? | One who grows enough crops or raises enough livestock to sell and make a profit |
| What does rural mean? | A majority of the people live outside of the cities in the countryside |
| What is a world power? | A nation that is powerful enough to influence or chang the course of world events; ex: U.S. |
| What is diplomacy? | Relations with other nations |
