| A | B |
|---|
| Coalition Government | temporary alliance of several political parties |
| Weimar Republic | government of Germany after WWI |
| Great Depression | severe economic downturn that followed the collapse of the U.S. stock market in 1929 |
| Franklin Roosevelt | President of the United States during the Depression |
| New Deal | Roosevelt's program for creating jobs & improving the American economy |
| Fascism | political movement based on nationalism that gives power to a dictator and takes away individual rights |
| Benito Mussolini | Fascist leader of Italy |
| Adolf Hitler | Fascist leader of Germany |
| Nazism | German version of fascism |
| Mein Kampf | book by Hitler outlining his beliefs & goals for Germany |
| Lebensraum | living space |
| Appeasement | giving in to keep the peace |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy & Japan |
| Francisco Franco | Spain's Fascist dictator |
| Isolationism | belief that political ties with other countries should be avoided |
| Third Reich | German empire |
| Munich Conference | meeting of world powers in 1938 that allowed Hitler to take part of Czechoslovakia |
| Nonagression Pact | agreement that says countries will not attack or invade one another |
| Blitzkrieg | Warfare in which surprise air attacks are followed by massive attacks on land |
| Charles de Gaulle | leader of the French government-in-exile |
| Winston Churchill | leader of Great Britain |
| Battle of Britain | battle of British & German air forces fought over Britain during 1940-41 |
| Erwin Rommel | German general who led troops in North Africa |
| Atlantic Charter | declaration of principles issued by Winston Churchill & FDR in August 1941 |
| Hideki Tojo | Dictator of Japan |
| Pearl Harbor | Navy base in Hawaii attacked by the Japanese |
| Battle of Midway | sea & air battle in which American forces defeated Japanese forces near Midway Island in the Pacific |
| Douglas MacArthur | U.S. general who commanded Allied forces in the Pacific |
| Battle of Guadalcanal | six-month battle on the island of Guadalcanal in which American & Australian troops defeated Japanese defenders |
| Holocaust | Systematic mass killing of Jews & other groups considered inferior |
| Kristalnacht | Night of Broken Glass, when Nazis attacked Jews throughout Germany |
| Ghettos | Neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live |
| Final Solution | Hitler's plan to kill as many Jews as possible |
| Genocide | systematic killing of an entire people |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | American general who helped drive the Germans out of Africa |
| Battle of Stalingrad | Battle during which the Red Army forced the Germans out of Stalingrad |
| D-Day | Huge Allied invasion mounted to retake France from the Germans |
| Battle of the Bulge | Final large-scale attack by German troops that was forced back by the Allies |
| Kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| Nuremberg Trials | Trials of Nazi leaders tried with crimes against humanity, held in Nuremberg, Germany |
| Demilitarization | Breaking down armed forces |
| Democratization | Process of creating a government elected by the people |
