| A | B |
|---|
| 5 phases of the cell cycle | Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
| 5 reasons for cell division | Reproduction, Repair, Growth, Specialization, Stay small |
| 3 subphases of interphase | G1, S, G2 |
| The phase of the cell cycle in which cells are no longer dividing | G0 |
| An example of organisms that divide to reproduce | Bacteria |
| The first phase of growth in interphase | G1 |
| The subphase of interphase in which chromosomes double | S |
| The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes condense and the nucleus disappears | Prophase |
| The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell | Metaphase |
| The phase of mitosis in which chromosomes begin to pull apart toward the centrioles at the poles | Anaphase |
| The phase of mitosis in which the nucleus divides completely | Telophase |
| The final division of the cytoplasm | Cytokinesis |
| Super-coiled chunks of DNA | Chromosomes |
| The constriction point of the chromosome | Centromere |
| The number of cells in a normal human chromosomes | 46 |
| The number of chromosomes at the end of the S phase | 92 |
| The DNA backbone is made of these | sugars and phosphates |
| DNA is composed of these repeating units | Nucleotides |
| Nucleotides are composed of these three parts | Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base |
| The rungs of the DNA ladder are composed of these | Nitrogen base pairs |
| The four nitrogen base pairs | Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine |
| Human DNA has this many nitrogen base pairs in each cell | 3 billion |
| The sugar found in the DNA backbone | Deoxyribose sugar |
| Adenine's pair in DNA | Thymine |
| Cytosine's pair | Guanine |
| Making an exact copy of DNA | DNA Replication |
| DNA replication takes place here | Nucleus |
| The enzyme that fixes telomeres and keeps cells from aging | Telomerase |
| The four bases of RNA | A, U, G, C |
| The sugar in the backbone of RNA | Ribose |
| Sections of DNA that code for a specific protein | Genes |
| Making mRNA from DNA | Transcription |
| Three bases of mRNA | Codon |
| Each codon codes for one of these | Amino acids |
| Making tRNA from mRNA | Translation |
| Where translation occurs | Ribosome |
| A picture of chromosomes paired up and arranged by number | Karyotype |
| Uncontrolled cell division | Cancer |
