| A | B |
|---|
| imperialism | This is the domination by one country of the political, economic, and cultural life of another country or region. |
| Social Darwinism | European argued that they were superior to all others, and imperial conquest and destruction of weaker races were simply nature's way of improving the human species. |
| quinine | This new medicine helped Europeans survive the deadly tropical disease, Malaria. |
| protectorate | In this type of rule, local rulers were left in place, but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity. |
| sphere of influence | This is an area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges. |
| jihad | A holy struggle to revive and purify Islam. |
| missionaries | They followed the explorers all across Africa where they sought to win people to Christianity. |
| David Livingstone | For 30 years he crisscrossed Africa. He wrote about the many peoples he met with more sympathy and less bias than did most Europeans. |
| Berlin Conference | The Europeans power met in 1884 to carve out their claims to the entire continent of Africa. |
| Menelik II | This leader of the African country of Ethiopia began to modernize his country and was successful in preserving its independence from European rule. |
