| A | B |
|---|
| ephors | enforced laws and collected taxes in Sparta |
| oligarchy | form of government used by the Spartans |
| 20 | Age at which Spartan men entered the regular army |
| Pericles | made Athens more democratic |
| Dorians | brought iron weapons to the Greeks |
| Spartans | focused on military service |
| polis | like a tiny, independent country |
| agora | open area used for a meeting place and a market |
| Athenian soldiers | promised to protect the constitution |
| Peisistratus | became popular by giving land to landless farmers |
| Solon | cancelled farmers' debts and freed the slaves |
| Xerxes | wanted to conquer Greece to win glory, increase his country's wealth, and for revenge |
| representative democracy | a small group makes governmental decisions on behalf of others |
| Aspasia | a well-educated woman who taught public speaking in Athens |
| direct democracy | mass gatherings where many decide governmental matters |
| Delian League | Beginning in 478 B.C. the Delian League served as the treasury and commander of the fleet |
| Age of Pericles | a time of creativity and learning in Athens |
| the Parthenon | Pericles had it built; it took 15 years and 20,000 tons of marble |
| Athenian economy | Supported by farming and trade |
| Peloponnesian War | Sparta and other city-states joined forces against Athens to fight this war |
| astronomy | the Egyptians used this science to find the true north |
