| A | B |
|---|
| Earthquake | Shaking that results from the sudden movement of part of the Earth's crust |
| Faulting | Movement along breaks in the Earth's crust |
| Faulting | Most common cause of earthquakes |
| Tsunami | Giant sea wave |
| Focus | Point inside the earth where the earthquake starts |
| Epicenter | Point on the earth's surface directly above the focus |
| Seismic Waves | Earthquake waves |
| P or primary waves | Fastest, first to reach the seismograph station |
| P or primary waves | Also known as compressional waves |
| P or primary waves | Travel through solids, liquids, and gases |
| P or primary waves | Move particles in a push and pull motion |
| S or secondary waves | Also known as shear waves |
| S or secondary waves | Only travel through solids |
| S or secondary waves | Second wave to hit a seismograph station |
| S or secondary waves | Move particles in a side to side motion |
| L or long waves | Also known as surface waves |
| L or long waves | Slowest, last to hit the seismograph station |
| L or long waves | Start on the Earth's surface at the epicenter |
| L or long waves | Travel like waves in the ocean with a rolling or circular motion |
| L or long waves | Cause most of the visible damage during an earthquake |
| Seismograph | Instrument used to record and measure seismic waves |
| Seismogram | Paper on which seismic waves are recorded |
| Seismologist | Scientist who studies earthquakes |
| Richter Scale | Scale used to calculate the strength or magnitude of an earthquake |
| Three | Number of cities needed to determine the location of an epicenter |
| S-P Lag Time Graph | Graph used to determine the distance a city is from an epicenter |
| S-P Lag Time Graph | Based on the difference between the arrival times of the P and S waves at a seismograph station |
| When, Where, Magnitude | What you need to know to predict an earthquake |
| Body Waves | Waves that travel within the Earth |
| Body Waves | P and S Waves |
| P and S Waves | Start at the Focus |
| Magnitude | Strength of an earthquake determined by a seismograph |
| Magnitude | Quantitative Data |
| Intensity | Amount of damage observed in a given area |
| Intensity | Based on the Modified Mercalli Scale or Rossi Forel Scale and is qualitative data |
| How many times larger is an earthquake of magnitude 7 than one of magnitude 5? | 100 times |
| A factor that effects the amount of damage in an area | Size of the population |
| A factor that effects the amount of damage in an area | Underlying rock or ground |
| A factor that effects the amount of damage in an area | Magnitude of the earthquake |
| A factor that effects the amount of damage in an area | Building structures and codes |
| A factor that effects the amount of damage in an area | Time of day the earthquake occurs |
| Normal Fault | Occurs at diverging boundary |
| Reverse Fault | Occurs at a converging boundary |
| Strike-Slip Fault | Occurs at a transform boundary |
| Elastic Deformation | Type of deformation that leads to earthquakes |
| L waves or Long waves | Move particles in a circular motion |
