| A | B |
| Athens | A city-state in ancient Greece; the capital of modern-day Greece |
| agora | a public market and meeting place in an ancient Greek city |
| vendor | a seller of goods |
| slavery | condition of being owned by, and being forced to work for, someone else |
| Sparta | a city state in ancient Greece |
| helots | In ancient Sparta; the terms for slaves who were owned by the state. |
| Pelopennesian War | war fought between Athens and Sparta in ancient Greece; almost every other Greek city-state was involved in the war. |
| plague | a widespread disease |
| blockade | an action taken to isolate an enemy and cut off its supplies. |
| barbarian | a person who belongs to a group that others consider wild, or uncivilized |
| assassinate | to murder for political reasons |
| Alexander the Great | King of Macedonia: conquered Persia and Egypt and invaded India. |
| Hellenistic | describing Greek history and culture after the death of Alexander the Great, including the three main kingdoms formed by the breakup of Alexander's empire. |