| A | B |
|---|
| Ancient Indian religious leader known as the Buddha, or Enlightened One, who founded Buddhism. | Siddhartha Gautama |
| An ancient kingdom in northern India where Siddhartha Gautama is said to have been born. | Kosala |
| A river that flows from Tibet, through the Himalayas and the Hindu Kush into the Arabian Sea. | Indus River |
| A vast dry region south of the Himalayas that is made fertile by deposits of silt from the Indus River; birthplace of the ancient Harappan civilization. | Indus Plain |
| The world's highest mountain range, forming the northern border of the Indian subcontinent. | Himalayas |
| A city of the ancient Harappan civilization, located in the Indus Valley of South Asia. | Mohenjo-Daro |
| A large landmass that is connected to the rest of a continent. | Subcontinent |
| To move from one place to another to live, especially a large group of people. | Migrate |
| A walled fort that protects a city. | Citadel |
| The social system in Hindu society in which a person's place is determined by the rank of the family into which he or she is born. | Caste system |
| In Hinduism, the laws and duties that guide the behavior of each caste member. | Dharma |
| A Hindu belief that people move in a constant cycle of life, death, and rebirth. | Reincarnation |
| In Hinduism, the ancient books of sacred songs on which much of its religious beliefs are based. | Vedas |
| The religion of India that grew out of the beliefs of the ancient Aryan peoples; it stresses that one main force connects all of life. | Hinduism |
| A religion founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering. | Buddhism |
| A man who devotes his life to a religious group, often giving up all he owns. | Monk |
| In Hinduism and Buddhism, the end result of all of a person's good and bad acts, which determines his or her rebirth. | Karma |
| In Buddhism, the principles that rule life and promise an end to suffering. | Four Noble Truths |
| In Buddhism, the basic rules of behavior and belief leading to an end of suffering. | Eightfold Path |
| In the Buddhism, a way of life, neither too strict nor too easy, that results from following the Eightfold Path. | Middle Way |
