| A | B |
|---|
| Electricity | Electrons either moving or built up in one place. |
| Static Electricity | Electrons built up in one place (not moving) |
| Current Electricity | Electrons that are moving |
| Electroscope | Device that measures static charge |
| Conductor | Material that allows electrons to move through easily (ex. Copper) |
| Insulator | Material that does not allow electrons to move through easily. (ex. Wood) |
| Cell | Device that creates electricity from chemicals. Consists of 2 different metals and an electrolyte. |
| Battery | Several Cells hooked together |
| Electrolyte | Liquid that conducts electricity |
| Voltage | (potential difference or electrical pressure) The energy available to move charges how fast the electrons are moving. Measured in volts (symbol is a V). |
| Current | Flow of electricity or how many electrons are moving measured in Amperes or Amps. (Symbol is an I) |
| Ammeter | instrument that measures the amount of current in a circuit. |
| Circuit | The path that electricity follows. A complete circuit is one that allows electricity to travel from the negative side to the positive site with no breaks. |
| SeriesCircuit | one path for electricity to follow |
| ParallelCircuit | two or more paths for electricity to follow |
| Voltmeter | measures the voltage between 2 points on an electrical circuit |
| Resistance | Anything that slows the flow of electricity down. Measured in Ohms |
| OhmsLaw | This law shows the relationship between current |
| Wave | A disturbance that transfers energy. Ex – sound waves |
| CompressionalWave | wave in which matter vibrates in the same direction as the wave travels (sound waves |
| Rarefaction | where matter is spread apart |
| TransverseWave | Wave in which matter vibrates at right angles to the direction in which the wave moves. (light and radio waves) |
| Crest | Top of wave |
| Trough | Bottom of the wave |
| Wavelength | Distance from crest to crest or trough to trough. Affects the frequency of a wave |
| Amplitude | Height of a wave. Depends on the amount of energy in a wave |
| Frequency | Number of waves that pass a given point in a give amount of time. Measured in Hertz |
| Hertz | Unit of Frequency. |
| Decibel | A measure of how loud a sound is (dB) |
| Pitch | The highness or lowness of a sound |
| Ultrasonic | Sounds with pitches too high for us to hear |
| Gamma Rays | Most dangerous electromagnetic wave |
| Red | lowest frequency color |
| Orange | between red and yellow |
| Yellow | between orange and green |
| Green | between yellow and blue |
| Blue | between green and indigo |
| Indigo | between blue and violet |
| Violet | Highest frequency color |
| AMradio | lowest frequency electromagnetic wave (next to FM radio) |
| FM radio | electromagnetic wave you might listen to |
| Infrared | electromagnetic wave that is heat and below visible light |
| Ultraviolet | electromagnetic wave that gives sunburn and is below x-rays |
| X-rays | electromagnetic wave that allows us to see your bones (next to gamma rays) |
| Microwaves | electromagnetic wave below heat that you can cook with |
| VisibleLight | electromagnetic wave that breaks into the colors of the rainbow |
| Convex | lens that curves outward looks like this () |
| Concave | lens that curves inward (like a cave) looks like this )( |
| Nearsighted | type of vision where the focal point in front of the retina |
| Far sighted | type of vision where the focal point is behind the retina |
| twentytwentyvision | type of vision where the focal point is right on the retina |
| Opticnerve | Part of eye that carries electrical signal from retina to brain |
| Retina | Part of eye where the image is formed contains rods and cones at back of eye |
| Lens | Part of eye that focuses light on retina |
| Pupil | opening of the eye |
| Iris | colored part of eye that controls the light entering eye |
| Cornea | Part of eye that is the clear outer layer helps protect eye and focus light |
| VitreousHumor | Part of eye that is between lens and retina clear jelly like substance gives the eye it’s shape |
| Refraction | bending of a light wave |
| Reflection | bouncing of a wave |
| Photons | small particle of light |
