| A | B |
|---|
| Cell | The basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms. Cells have three common components: genetic material, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane. Eukaryotic cells also contain specialized organelles. |
| Chloroplast | An organelle found in plant cells and the cells of other eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms where photosynthesis occurs. |
| Endocytosis | A process in which a cell engulfs extracellular material through an inward folding of its plasma membrane. |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | An organelle, containing folded membranes of sacs, responsible for the production, processing, and transportation of materials for use inside and outside a eukaryotic cell. There are two forms of this organelle: rough ER that has surface ribosomes and participates in the synthesis of proteins mostly destined for export by the cell and smooth ER that has no ribosomes and participates in the synthesis of lipids and steroids as well as the transport of synthesized macromolecules. |
| Endosymbiosis | A theorized process in which early eukaryotic cells were formed from simpler prokaryotes. |
| Eukaryote | A type of organism composed of one or more cells containing a membrane-bound nucleus specialized organelles in the cytoplasm, and a mitotic nuclear division cycle. |
| Extracellular | Located outside a cell. |
| Golgi Apparatus | An organelle found in eukaryotic cells responsible for the final stages of processing proteins for release by the cell. |
| Mitochondrion | A membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells; site of cellular respiration. |
| Multicellular | Made up of more than one cell |
| Nucleus | A membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells functioning to maintain the integrity of the genetic material and, through the expression of that material, controlling and regulating Cellular activities. |
| Organelle | A subunit within a cell that has a specialized function. |
| Plastids | a group of membrane-bound organelles commonly found in photosynthetic organisms and mainly responsible for the synthesis and storage of food. |
| Prokaryotes | A single-celled organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and specialized organelles. |
| Ribosome | A cellular structure composed of RNA and proteins that is the site of protein synthesis in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. |
| Unicellular | Made up of a single cell. |
