| A | B |
|---|
| Efforts of peace between nations in the 1900's | Modern Olympic games were held, organizations such as Women's International League for Peace and Freedom promote pacifism, world leaders attend the First Universal Peace Conference, and the Hague Tribunal is created in the Netherlands |
| A world court to settle disputes between nations | The Hague Tribunal |
| Leading cause of international tension | Aggressive nationalism |
| Russian sponsored form of nationalism that held all Slavic peoples share a common nationality | Pan-Slavism |
| The Balkins, where brief, bloody wars were fought over spoils of Turkey | Known as the "powder keg of Europe" |
| These countries bordered Germany on both sides and could attack from both directions at once. | Why Germany worried about alliance between France and Russia |
| What would Sun Tzu and Bishop Muzorewa probably agree on about war? | It is justified in certain situations |
| Who would agree with the position that war should be avoided at all costs? | Another Mother Against War |
| In 1904 France and Britain signed a nonbinding agreement to follow common policies | Entente |
| Rise in glorification of the military, partly out of Social Darwinism | Mililtarism |
| European nations that form closer ties against Germany | As a result of the two Moroccan crises, Britain and France team up. |
| Swede who invented dynamite and regretted the military use of his invention. | Alfred Nobel |
| Distrust among powers led to treaties | Eventually, two huge alliances emerge. |
| Britain signed a entente with France and later with Russia | Group that became known as the Allies |
| Bismarck formed this trifecta knowing France wanted revenge one day | The Triple Alliance was made up of Germany, Italy and Austria-Hungary |
| Why the Allies had the advantage in 1914 | They had greater troop strength and surrounded the major Central Powers |
| The reason forming alliances led to war | A small war would lead to the involvement of many countries and eventually, global war |
| Poor timing of the Archduke's visit to Sarajevo. | Conquered by the Ottoman's in 1389, and in 1912 Serbia freed itself of their rule-June 28 |
| Serbian terrorist group that vowed to take action | "Black Hand" or "Unity or Death" |
| How the Serbs viewed the Austrians | Foreign oppressors |
| The Black Hand conspirator that assasinated the archduke and his wife | Gavrilo Princip |
| To avoid war Austria sent Serbia this set of demands | Ultimatum |
| When Serbia did not agree to all the demands... | Austria found the excuse to declare war on Serbia |
| Germany warned France to stay out of the conflict | France, wanting to avenge an earlier defeat from Germany, backed Russia refusing to step down |
| Policy of supporting neither side of a war | Neutrality |
| When Russia begins to mobilize for war | Germany declares war on Russia |
| When Germany invaded Belgium... | Britain declared war on Germany |
| Germany's plan to attack avoiding a two-front war. | The Schlieffen Plan |
| Circumstances that led to WWI | Aggressive nationalism, Eruopean rivalries, and alliances |
| The Allies ere abel to stop the German advance in France here | Battle of the Marne |
| Trench warfare | A vast system of dugouts networked betweeen bunkers |
| Responsible parties for WWI | All major European powers |
| Causes of death for soldiers fighting in trenchwarfare | Exposure to elements, victims of disease, deadly and fruitless "no man's land" offensives |
| The battle at which the French cried, "they shall not pass!" | Heavy casualties suffered at Verdun |
| The most costly battles that ended in stalemates | Verdin and Somme |
| This added greatly to the destructiveness of this war over all previous wars | New technology including machine gun, submarine, gas or poisen weapons, and the tank |
| Germany dropped bombs on Britain with these gas-filled balloons | Zeppelins |
| Germany's best technological weapon was largely what led the U.S. into the war. | U-boats |
| To counteract U-boats the Allies orgainzed a way to provide vital supplies to Britain | Convoys |
| Convoys | Groups of merchant ships protected by warships |
| Measures wartime governments took to control national economies | Governments raised taxes, borrowed large amounts of money, rationed food and other supplies and introduced price controls |
| What impact did wartime failures have on Russia? | Food shortages and collapsing morale led to a revolution that overthrew the czar |
| What impact did American entry have on the war? | The arrival of American troops boosted Allied morale and helped finance the war effort. |
| Why did the US declare war on Germany? | Angered by the German submarine warfare and then the Zimmermann note further inflamed American feelings. |
| Reason the Americans were angered by the Zimmerman Note | Promises of German help in taking US territory |
| What geographic obstacle did the US face when it entered WWI? | The expanse of the Atlantic Ocean was the greatest geographic obstacle in sending troops and supplies to Europe |
| The new German government sought an end to fighting with the Allies | Armistice |
| The channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort | Total war |
| A system in which nations act as a one to preserve peace | Collective security |
| Women play a major role in war effort | Demographic that contributed to total war by joining armed forces, working in factories and other home front operations. |
| Result of hungry German civilians angry and frustrated with government officials | Revolts lead kaiser to abdicate and aflee to the Netherlands |
| Agreement between Russia and Germany to end Russia's participation in war | Treaty of Brest-Litovsk |
| Difficulty recovering from war due to: | Millions dead, famine and disease, ruined infrastructure and collapse of governments |
| President Wilson's hope for lasting peace | "Peace without victory" |
| Wilson's plan for peace | Fourteen Points |
| States Germany is to take full blame for war and pay huge reparations | Treaty of Versailles |
| Treaty of Versailles: the long range outcome | German resentment would poisen the international climate for the next 20 years and spark the next world war |
| Why France and Great Britain were unable to accept the idea of "peace without victory" | They had suffered greater losses and wanted to remove the threat of future German attack |
| Why control of the strait of the Dardanelles was improtant to the Allies | Allowing Allied ships to reach Russia and access to Istanbul, the Ottoman capital |
