| A | B |
|---|
| Wave | a disturbance or vibration |
| amplitude | the maximum distance a wave rises or falls |
| frequency | the number of vibrations per unit of time |
| hertz | unit for frequency |
| 1 hertz = | 1 wave per second |
| period | the time required for a complete wave or vibration |
| period = | 1/frequency |
| wave speed = | wavelength x frequency |
| transverse waves | where the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction of wave travel |
| longitudinal waves | where the medium vibrates parallel to the direction of wave travel |
| sound | an example of a compressional wave |
| sound wave | a longitudinal wave that requires matter to travel |
| refraction | to bend a wave as it passes from one medium to another |
| diffraction | to bend a wave around a barrier |
| resonanace | when a forced vibration matches its own natural frequency |
| constructive interference | where the sound is louder as the waves reinforce each other |
| destructive interference | where the sound is lower due to cancelation of the wave |
| Doppler effect | a change in frequence due to the motion of the sound source. |
| electromagnetic wave | composed of vibrating electric and magnetic fields |
| electromagnetic spectrum | the range of electromagnetic waves from radio to gamma |
| diffraction of light | the bending of light as it passes through an obstacle |
| polarization | the alignment of transverse waves so that they vibrate in a single plane |
| reflection | the return or rebound of light rays |
| Law of Reflection | the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection |
| incidence wave | the incoming wave before it strikes the barrier |
| real image | an image formed by light rays that converge at the location of the image |
| virtual image | an image formed by light rays that do not converge at the location of the image |
| real images are | always inverted |
| virtual images are | always upright and may be enlarged |
| photoelectric effect | the emission of electrons from a metal surface when light violet light shines on it |
| both a particle and a wave | dual nature of light |
| convex lens | lens thicker in the middle than at the edges |
| concave lens | lens thinner in the middle than at the edge |
| photon | bundles of radiant wave energy |
| photon | light travels as a ____ |
| violet | which color of visible light has the greates frequency |
| gamma | the electromagnectic wave with the greatest frequency is |
| radio | the electromagnetic wave with the lowest frequency is |
| crest | the highest point of a transverse wave |
| amplitude | distance from rest to crest |
| wavelength | distance from crest to crest |
| spectroscope | device that produces a spectrum using diffraction |
| compression | part of a compressional wave where the matter is more dense |
| rarfaction | portion of a compressional wave where the matter is less dense |
| constructive interference | when waves are in phase |
| destructive interference | when waves are out of phase |
