| A | B |
|---|
| Reconquista | the struggle to regain all spanish lands from the moors, spain has many catholics that are willing to fight, the reconquest is done by christians and knights, this means the italians can trade without getting attacked by muslims or pirates |
| infidels | people without faith |
| Crusades | Urban II calls for them, wants to take land back from the seljuk turks this will get feudalism to stop by unifying everyone under one cause |
| what a crusade wants | it needed catholosism and all the power of the Pope to happen, happens because pope wants army |
| Peasant Crusade | peter the hermit and walkter the penniless are the leaders, they gather up the peasants and go to germany and kill jews, all of this demostrates the power of catholosism in general and the pope as well |
| 1st crusade | after the failure of the peasant crusade, the church really gets involved and sets it in motion, it takes 2 years to reach jerusilam and it's conqured in 5 weeks and made into a christiant states, good idea but the muslims dont like the state and they're majority |
| 2nd crsade | the muslims overthrow the state, the turk leader Saladin unites the egyptians and syrian muslims and recapture jerusilam |
| Edassa | the name of the christian state in jerusilam |
| 3rd crusade | 3 years long, saladin crushes them, again, the christian rivalry messes the christians up in battle, the muslims won because of their unity, saladin was victorious |
| 4th crusade | 10,000 troops leave from venice and attack constantinopal, a christian state, constantinopal is destroyed, christian statses die and never come back to the middle east in 1291 |
| loss of papal prestige | pope is abusing power just to further boost the church's power, and his need for an army |
| delcine in power of nobals | feudalism falls because the nobals are broke |
| Trade increase | Italy gets the most props from fall of feudalsism because they get even more trade |
| Revival of learning and culture | learning came back because of trade with muslims and byzantians and their scholars, their scholars show people about new works about learning, western europe had lost learning becauase towns and centers of learning had been gone, now they started coming bacm |
| revival of learning and culture, part 2 | chaos makes learning decline, towns coming back and a middle class ment more money to pay for skools since there were no publik skools , universities set standers for learning, teachers ere monks and preists, churches are only place were leraning survived |
| curriculum | 7 seven subjects, called liberal arts, callses were math, geomery, astronomy, music, grammer, rhetoric and logic. |
| univeristy life | could leave only when you were done, wouldnt have a test for 5 years |
| scholastics | medieval philosprs, greek pholosphy didnt go against christian beleifs so scholastics said that greco-roman culture could be used, they tried to bring reason and faith together |
| Thomas Aquinas | most brillant scholastic, was part of dominican order, takes aristotal and makes it work with the christian beleifs, makes reaon go with faith, he's responcibal for the return of science |
| Roger Bacon | too many thinkers didnt think about science, he did, liked the muslim idesa alot and was responcible for studiest in alchemy and astrology |
| medieval drama | comic ways, not ment to be really funny, could teach the people about the bible with out them needing to listen/write |
| vernacular effect | vernacular gives sence of regional unity but also messes up total unity writen langs change epics help fine and show differnt ideas |
| Trubudours | poet muscicans, travel around singing their songs |
| dante | real name was dante alighieri, writes the devine comdey: 1 inferno 2 purgatorio 3 paradiso, all writen in italian about his dead lover beatrice, it being in italian makes it sence of unity very strong |
| chaucer | the canterbury tales, english writing, was one of the best writeres untill shakespear, did for the English what dante did for the italians |
| medieval art | it's symbolic, not to be realistic, churrchs didnt want real thinking people, you could sin w/ the body so it wasnt painted well |
| Romanesque | lots of big sturydy things, adapted from romans, used rounded arches and massives, had small windows |
| Gothic | used the flying butress which make support out side freeing space up on the inside for nice stain glass windows |
| Church contests | the rich would pay and the poor would build, gave sence of unity as towns would fight over who had the best church/cathedrial |
| decline in population | famine because of soil being over used and a really bad winter along with the black death; bubonic plauge, was spread by rats and came into europe through trade in italy |
| peasnt revolts | high taxes and poor crops along with population decline, fewer croups produced so price rose, peasants dont wanna pay so much, nobals tax even more hevaily which futher worsens the situation, so theres the tax revolt, 1381 revolt lead by wat tyler and john ball, army crushes them and its over |
| hundred year war | english and french kings have bitter land rivalries and wool trade conflicts, the french king dies and doesnt leave a direct hire, so edward III of england comes and takes over because of royal blood relation, domestic suffering in frnace countryside, england controls most of northern france to agincourt, henry marries princess catherine and seems like all the power is going to be united under england |
| Long Bow | this helps the brits kill most of the french calvery in the begining of the war @ crecy and poitiers |
| Joan of Arc | 17 year old peasant girl, goes to the dauphin and persuades him to giver Joan an army, she leads them to battle in orleans and they win, the dauphin becomes Charles the III, the brits capture joan and burn her at the stake, she was said to be a heretic, but in 1920 she was sainted |
| the results of 100 year war | gives french a better sence of unity, the french kinds are able to use taxes to higher professional soliders that are loyal to the king, strong loyal army to an absolute monarch |
| Louis the XI | the "spider king" he set up a web and trapped all the feudal lords to back him up thus centralizing power |
| War of the roses | lost land to the french so everyone in england is pissed off, civil war happens between the 2 royal familys, Lancaster (red rose) and York (white rose) this weakens the monarch and nobility, henry tudor comes in and takes over and unifies everyone and his family name leads power for long long long time |
| Philip IX of france | sends a bishop to jail for not paying taxes, bonaface VIII the pope attempts to re-establish papal power by excomunicating Philip, so Philip throws him in jail too, then the old pope dies and Clement V (french and friend of philip) comes and moves the papacy to france which starts the babalonian captivity, 68 years long |
| The great schism | pope clashes w/ the cardnels and the cardnels elect another pope, this means there are 2 popes and the first one doesnt recognise the second's power, so another pope is elected and then there are 3 of them, this shows that the papacy's power has declined alot as the monarchies rose |
| the reform | john wycliffe and Jon Huss say the bible is more important because the church is corrupted, no one really listens to them and they are killed |
| what happened in the end | 1 14th centaury french and english become more unified as states becuase church is corrupted 2 rise of the middle class 3 power of curch dies out |
