| A | B |
|---|
| Carrier Protein | a protein that carries specific substances across a membrane |
| Concentration Gradient | the difference in concentration of a substance across a space |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules or substances across a membrane from high concentration to low concentration |
| Equilibrium | the state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space |
| Facilitated Diffusion | The movement of stubstances across a membrane from areas of high concentration to low with the assistance of carrier proteins. |
| Hypertonic | a solution where the solute concentration is higher than that inside a cell |
| Hypotonic | a solution whose solute concentration is lower than that inside the cell |
| Isotonic | a solution where the solute concentration is equal both inside and outside |
| membrane pumps | move ions across the cell membrane. Uses energy |
| Osmosis | the movement of water across a membrane from high concentration to low concentration |
| Passive Transport | the movement of substances without the use of energy |
| Active Transport | the movement of substances against a concentration gradient, requires energy |
| Endocytosis | A form of active transport that brings substances inside of a cell |
| Exocytosis | A form of active transport that allows substances to exit a cell |
| solute | Substances dissolved in a solution |
