| A | B |
|---|
| science | system of knowledge and the methods you use to find that knowledge |
| technology | use of knowledge to solve practical problems |
| chemistry | study of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter |
| physics | study of matter and energy and the interactions between the two through forces and motion |
| geology | study of the origin, history, and structure of Earth |
| astronomy | study of the universe beyond Earth, including the sun, moon, planets, and stars |
| biology | study of the origin and behavior of living things |
| scientific method | organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information |
| observation | information that you obtain through your senses |
| hypothesis | proposed answer to a question |
| manipulated variable | variable that causes a change in another |
| responding variable | variable that changes in response another variable |
| controlled experiment | experiment in which only one variable is deliberately changed at a time |
| scientific theory | well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results |
| scientific law | statement that summarizes a pattern found in nature without attempting to explain it |
| model | make it easier to understand things that might be too difficult to observe directly |
| scientific notation | way of expressing a value as the product of a number between 1 and 10 and a power of 10 |
| length | straight-line distance between two points |
| mass | the quantity of matter in an object or sample |
| volume | amount of space taken up by an object |
| density | ratio of an object’s mass to its volume |
| conversion factor | ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quantity expressed in one unit to another unit |
| precision | how exact a measurement is |
| significant figures | all the digits that are known in a measurement, plus the last digit that is estimated |
| accuracy | closeness of a measurement to the actual value of what is being measured |
| thermometer | instrument that measures temperature, or how hot an object is |
| slope | ratio of a vertical change to the corresponding horizontal change on a line graph |
| direct proportion | relationship in which the ratio of two variables is constant |
| inverse proportion | relationship in which the product of two variables is a constant |
| meter | base unit for length |
| kilogram | base unit for mass |
| cubic meter | base unit for volume |
| second | base unit for time |
| kelvin | base unit for temperature |
| ampere | base unit for electric current |
| mole | base unit for amount of substance |
| square meter | base unit for area |
| kilograms per cubic meter | base unit for density |
| joule | base unit for energy |
| pascal | base unit for pressure |
| hertz | base unit for frequency |
| coulomb | base unit for electric charge |
| giga- | prefix for a billion |
| mega- | prefix for a million |
| kilo- | prefix for a thousand |
| deci- | prefix for a tenth |
| centi- | prefix for a hundredth |
| micro- | prefix for a millionth |
| nano- | prefix for a billionth |
