| A | B |
|---|
| Fascism | Latin for bundle of rods tied around an axe. Believed in extreme nationalism, state was supreme, and military power. |
| Benito Mussolini | Leader of Fascists in Italy. Was an editor and awesome orator. |
| Black Shirts | Mussolini's private army/militia. Went around Italy beating up any opposition to the Fascists |
| Il Duce | "Leader"--Mussolini's name. Once in power Il Duce got rid of all political parties and set up a totalitarian state |
| Ethiopia | Il Duce wanted revenge for its loss in 1890s. 1935 attacks and League of Nations did nothing to stop Italy |
| Weimar Republic | Germany's new gov't after WWI. Faced many problems and was blamed for losing WWI and signing the Treaty of Versailles |
| Inflation | This was brought on because Germany printed money to pay for WWI and reparations instead of taxing more. This caused the German mark to be almost worthless |
| Treaty of Versailles | blamed Germany for the war, took its colonies, limited its army, "war guilt", reparations. Created much hostility in Germany. |
| Adolf Hitler | Joined National Socialist Party--Nazis--then became the leader of Nazi Germany. |
| Nazism/Nazis | National Socialists German Workers Party--were anti-communits and anti-Semitic. Had support form middle to lower class |
| Brown Shirts | Nazi private militia/soldiers who would beat up opposition to the Nazis |
| der Fuhrer | "leader"--Hitler's title as he gains more and more support |
| Mein Kampf | Hitler's book--"My Struggle"--Hitler's racial theories and a blue print for action for the Nazis after Hitler gets out of prison |
| lebensraum | "living space"--Hitler wants more land for his Arayan people |
| Reichstag | German legislature/congress. The Nazis will gain control of this legally, then Hitler will be appointed chancellor and have total power |
| SS-Schutzstaffel | Hitler's elite protection squad. Will run the concentration camps |
| Gestapo | Hitler's secret police who used brutality and terror to achieve total obedience |
| Anti-Semitism | "hatred of Jews"--Jews made up approx. 1% of German population, yet were blamed for all of Grmany's problems. |
| scapegoat | blamed for problems that you have nothing to do with. All totalitarian states need ENEMIES!!! |
| Jesse Owens | African-American olympian who won 4 gold medals in Berlin olympics showing how Hitler's super race was not all that super |
| Emperor Hirohito | military leader in Japan make him the symbol of Japanese power, since military only reports to him |
| Manchuria | Rich in iron and coal. Japan attacks and is the 1st direct challenge to the League of Nations |
| League of Nations | World council set up to stop any future wars. Wants to keep peace, so it gives in to aggressive countries inhopes that they will be appeased. |
| The Rape of Nanking | Japanese soldiers sweep through northern China, killing 1000's of captured soldiers and civilians |
