| A | B |
|---|
| Gilded Age | prosperity on the outside; corruption on the inside |
| Laissez-Faire | government plays a very limited role in business |
| Pendelton Civil Service Act | Test for ability determine government job hiring |
| Garfield | Assassinated by a disgruntled office-seeker |
| Reasons for coming to America | free land; personal freedoms; opportunity; education |
| Postives in the Gilded Age | increased factory and farm output; speculators get rich |
| steerage | large open area beneath the ship's deck; most immigrant came this way |
| Ellis Island | immigrant station in New York City |
| Angel Island | immigrant station in San Francisco |
| trachoma | immigrants with this eye disease were sent back |
| Chinese Exclusion Act | passed in 1882 due to prejudice and dislike of immigrants working for low wages |
| Gentleman's Agreement | Japanese school segregation would end; Japan stops issuing passports to laborers |
| Alien Land Law | non-citizen Asians could not own land in America |
| urbanization | population shift from farm to city |
| skycrapers | with urban space scarce, buidling grow taller |
| suburbs | residential communites surrounding cities |
| cable car | gave San Franciscans quick access to steep hills |
| Electric trolleys | first used in Richmond, Virginia 1888 |
| subway trains | first used in Boston, Massachusetts 1897 |
| Otis | improved elevator for passenger use |
| tenements | low cost apartment buildings |
| Great Chicago Fire | 1871 disaster showing need for enlarged city fire departments |
| ghetto | area in which one ethnic/racial group dominated |
| restrictive covenants | agreements among homeowners not to sell to certain groups of people |
| Jacob Riis | exposed the horror of tenement life by publishing flash pictures |
| political machines | unofficial city organizations; helps a particular group of people |
| boss | ran the political machine; handed out favors for votes |
| graft | use of one's job to gain profit |
| Cox of Cincinnatti | example of an honest boss |
| Tweed of New York | example of a dishonest boss |
| nativism | favoring native born Americans over immigrants |
| Temperance Movement | camapign to eliminat alcohol consumption |
| Prohibition | ban on manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages |
| Social Gospel Movement | sought to apply Jesus's teaching directly to society (charity and justice) |
| settlement house | community center offering social services, cultural events, child care, health care |
| Jane Addams | founded Hull House |
| Chinese and Irish | immigrated and found jobs building the railroads |
| South | area of country where few immigrant settled due to lack of job opportunities |
| Large cities | area of country in which many immigrant settled due to job opportunities |
| West | area of country which attracted immigrants with free land |
