| A | B |
|---|
| diffusion | spreading out of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| boyle's law | studies the effect of pressure on a gas...increase pressure decrease volume and decrease pressure increase volume |
| charle's law | studies the effect of temperature on a gas...increase temperature increases volume and decrease temperature decrease volume |
| gas prop | no definite shape or volume |
| gas density | low, easily compressed, molecules far apart |
| nitrogen | 78% of air, comes from decay of organisms |
| oxygen | 21% of air, comes from plants during photosynthesis, is flammable |
| photosynthesis | uses CO2 and produces oxygen |
| carbon dioxide | 0.04% from animals/humans during respiration |
| noble gases | Helium, argon, neon |
| air | a mixture of gases |
| ozone (good) | O3- in stratosphere- blocks uv rays that cause skin cancer and cataracts |
| ozone (bad) | smog, from cleaners,....in the troposphere |
| particulates | from fires and pollen(plants) cause asthma |
| troposphere | closest to earth- where weather is |
| stratosphere | 2nd layer from earth- where good ozone is |
| mesoshpere | Middle layer, melts meteors |
| thermosphere | 4th layer from earth's surfaceblocks gamma rays |
| exosphere | last layer of the atmosphere, contains fast moving electrons |
| respiration | uses O2 to produce CO2 |
| excess CO2 | from burning fuel- causes greenhouse effect and global warming |
| methane | CH4- from cows- causes greenhouse effect and global warming |
| carbon monoxide | car exhaust- deadly |
| nitrogen oxide | car exhaust and power plants- acid rain |
| sulfur oxide | home and industrial furnaces- acid rain |
| lead | old fuel, battery plants, old paint- learning problems in children |
| chlorofluorocarbons | CFC's from old aerosols, airconditioners and styrofoam- destroys ozone |
| wet scrubbers | in factories, rid NO and SO2 from smoke- make white and fluffy- fix acid rain |
| catalytic converters | in cars change carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide |
| alternate energy sources | air, wind, solar, nuclear...etc. |
| greenhouse effect causes | global warming, rise in sealevel, more rain and snow, melting of ice caps |
| why excess CO2 | more people, more cars, less trees |
| humidity | water vapor in the air |
| diffusion factors | large molecules diffuse slower than small ones |
| air pressure | drops as elevation increases |
| torr | units of pressure- named after Torricelli- inventor of the barometer |
