| A | B |
| socialism | a system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production |
| conservatism | a political philosophy based on tradition and social stability, favoring obedience to political authority and organized religion |
| principle of intervention | the idea that the great powers have the right to send armies into countries where there are revolutions in order to restore legitimate governments |
| liberalism | a political philosophy originally based on Enlightenment principles; people should be as free as possible from government restraint and civil liberties should be protected |
| universal male suffrage | the right of all males to vote in elections |
| militarism | reliance on military strength |
| kaiser | German for Caesar, the title of the emperors of the Second German Empire |
| plebiscite | a popular vote |
| emancipation | the act of setting free |
| abolitionism | a movement to end slavery |
| secede | withdraw |
| multinational state | a country in which many nationalities live; Austrian Empire had Italians, Germans, Slovaks, etc. |