| A | B |
|---|
| Muhammad | founder of Islam |
| Mecca and Medina | holy cities for Islam |
| Islam | a religion |
| Allah | Arabic and Islamic word for God |
| Spread of Islam | Across Asia and Africa, and into Spain |
| Quran (Koran) | the holy book of Islam |
| Five pillars of Islam | teachings of Islam |
| Jesus | Muslims view him as a prophet only, not the Son of God |
| Trials facing the spread of Islam | deserts, mountains, long distances |
| First Muslim Empire | short-lived |
| Byzantine and Persian empires | taken over by the Muslims |
| Jerusalem and Damascus | two cities taken over by Muslims |
| Battle of Tours | Muslim defeat |
| Dome of the Rock | A Mosque built on site of where Gabriel appeared to Muhammad |
| Arab Math achievement | Arabic numerals (adapted from India), including zero |
| Arab Math achievement | Algebra |
| Arab cultural achievement | Universities |
| Muslim | follower of Islam |
| Arabic language | Helped with trade |
| Slavery | not based on race |
