| A | B |
|---|
| Electrical charge | property that leads to electromagnetic interactions between the particles that make up matter |
| Static electricity | buildup of electric charge on an object |
| Electrical conductor | material which allows electrons to flow through it freely |
| Electrical insulator | material which doesn't allow electrons to flow through it freely |
| Semiconductor | material that allow the control of the electrical charge it conducts |
| Ion | charged particle that forms when an atom or group of atoms gains or loses one or more electrons |
| Electrons | negatively charged particle outside the nucleus |
| Protons | positively charged particle inside the nucleus |
| Neutrons | uncharged particle inside the nucleus |
| Nucleus | small, dense center of an atom that has a positive charge |
| Electric force | force that exists between any two charged objects |
| Attraction | when two opposite charged particles come together |
| Repulsion | when two like charged particles repel each other |
| Friction | charge created when two objects are rubbed together, causing a transfer of electrons between the objects |
| Contact | charged object touches and uncharged object and transfers some electrons to it |
| Induction | way of rearranging the charges within an object without touching it |
| Van de Graff generator | machine that generates a negative charge that can be passed to something that touches it through contact |
| Electric discharge | the release of electrons in one burst; happens with static electricity |
| Electric current | rate of flow of electric charges |
| Voltage | amout of work required to move each unit of charge between two points |
| Volts | metric unit of measure for voltage |
| Resistance | material that slows down the flow of electrons or electric charge |
| Amperes | metric unit of measure for electric current |
| Direct current | electric current flows in only one direction |
| Alternating current | electric current alternates the direction of flow |
| Electric potential | measure of the electric potential energy per unit charge |
| Ohms | metric unit of measure for resistance |
| Electric circuit | complete, closed path through which electric charges can flow |
| Series circuit | circuit where all parts are connected in a row that forms one path for the electric charge to follow |
| Parallel circuit | circuit where electric charges have more than one path to follow |
| Load | device that uses electrical energy to operate in an electric circuit |
| Magnet | material that attracts iron or objects made of iron |
| Magnetic force | a push or pull on objects due to it's magnetic pole |
| Magnetic pole | charged end of the magnet |
| Magnetic field | area surrounding a magnet where magnetic forces can be detected |
| Domain | tiny areas within an object that allign to create a magnet |
| Ferromagnets | material that can be turned into a magnet |
| Electromagnet | device that has a solenoid wrapped around an iron core |
| Temporary magnet | magnet where the domains line up for a short amount of time |
| Aurora | colorful lights seen at the north or south poles that are related to the Earth's magnetic field |
| Electromagnetism | relationship between electricity and magnetism |
| Solenoid | coil of wires that carries the electrical charge; wrapped around an iron center, like an iron nail |
| Electric motor | device that changes electric energy into mechanical energy |
| Electromagnetic induction | using a magnetic field to create and electric current in a wire |
| Transformer | device that relies on electromagnetic induction |
| Electric generator | device that uses induction to change mechanical energy into electrical energy |
| Galvanometer | device that measures the strength and direction of an electric current in a wire |
| Electronic device | device able to control the flow of electrons using integrated circuits, or microchips |
| Integrated circuit | single, tiny, silicon chip; also known as a microchip |
| Analog signal | signal that change continuously in a given range; like a dimmer light switch |
| Digital signal | signal that sends a sequence of separate values; like a regular light switch |
| Computer | electronic device that performs tasks by following instructions given to it |
| Electric device | device that controls the flow of electrons without the use of a microchip |
| Binary code | code made up of two digits 1 and 0 that send information |
