| A | B |
|---|
| Sahara | Large desert in the northern part of Africa; largest desert in the world |
| Savannah | grassy plains that dominate a mojority of the arable land in Africa |
| cataract | waterfalls; limited movement in Africa |
| desertification | the spreading of the desert; forced migration throughout the |
| Bantu | This is the root language of Africa |
| Nubia | AKA Kush:: civilization that flourished in modern day Sudan in the Upper Nile |
| Meroe | Center of Trade responsible for controlling both the North/South trade as well as East/West Trade routes:: |
| Surplus | Having more than needed:: Leads to trade |
| Commodity | a valuable product |
| Ghana | Soninke rulers form this by uniting tribes roughly 800 AD |
| Sundiata | Lone Survivor of massacre that ends up ruling an empire by 1235 AD after crushing his enemies and controlling the gold trade routes. |
| Mali | Founded in 1235; Strong empire with solid history |
| Mansa Musa | Greatest ruler of the Mali Kingdom; known for expansion of kingdom in 1312 |
| Songhai | Emerging empire of the west that was controlled by capital city Gao in 1460's |
