| A | B |
|---|
| Parallelism | similarity of structure or words, phrases, clauses |
| Antithesis | the juxtaposition of contrasting ideas, often in parallel structure |
| Anastrophe | the inversion of natural word order - often to surprise the reader |
| Alliteration | repetition of initial consonants in two or more adjacent words |
| Anaphora | repetition of the same word or groups of words at the beginning of successive phrases |
| Epistorphe | repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive phrases |
| Epanalepsis | repetition of the same word or words at both beginning and ending of a phrase, clause, sentence |
| Anadiplosis | repitition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause |
| Climax | arrangement of words, phrases or clauses in an order of increasing importance |
| Metaphor | implied comparison between two things of unlike nature |
| Personification | investing abstractions or inanimate objects with human qualities |
| Hyperbole | the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis |
| Litotes | delierate use of understatement |
| Rhetorical question | asking a question for the purpose of asserting or denying an answer implicitly |
| Irony | use of a word in such a way as to convey a meaning opposite to its literal meaning |
| Onomatapoeia | Use of words to echo sounds |
| Paradox | an apparently contradictory statement that contains a measure of truth |
| Ethos | Ethical Appeal -- is about the speaker in the text |
| Pathos | Emotional Appeal -- it focused on the reader's emotions |
| Logos | Logical Appeal - focused on the purpose and content of the argument |
| Inductive Reasoning | the use of examples or observations to reach a conclusion |
| Deductive Reasoning | the use of generally accepted propositions or facts to reach a conclusion |
