| A | B |
|---|
| In 1848, what was the name of the week in which workers in Paris were crushed by the National Guard after the government shut down the very popular national workshops to new workers? | June Days |
| What were the soldiers called who revolted against the government in order to bring about constitutional reforms? Who did they want to replace Czar Alexander I? | The Decembrists supported Constantine, the brother of Nicholas. |
| Who founded Young Italy, a secret society that advocated Italian nationalism during the Age of Metternich? | Giuseppe Mazzini |
| Under Prussian leadership, this customs union was an important early step for the unification of German states. Founded in 1834, this union was the: | Zollverein |
| In 1830, after facing the destruction of its fleet and the combined forces of European powers, the Ottoman Empire was forced to recognize the independence of which new country? | Greece |
| Which monarch refused the offer of emperorship of a constitutional, federal Germany; he contemptuously refused this "crown from the gutter."? | Frederick William IV of Prussia |
| What act of legislation in Britain was passed in 1832 that granted the limited – – not universal – – male suffrage, and was opposed by Tory diehards? | the Reform Bill of 1832 |
| Educated in the works of Voltaire and Rousseau, this Latin American aristocrat fancied himself a Napoleon for his continent. | Simon Bolivar |
| Which group of Russian nationalists opposed the introduction of Western ideas, and instead favored maintaining rural traditions infused by the values of the Russian Orthodox Church? | the Slavophiles |
| Who was the Magyar nationalist who embraced British liberalism and American democracy to promote Hungarian independence? | Lajos Kossuth |
| Which economic philosopher, who coined the term industrialism, believed that the new industrial society should be controlled not by politicians but by scientists, engineers, artists, and industrialists themselves? | Claude Henri de Saint-Simon |
| His 1840 book What is Property? argued that property was theft and that labor alone was productive and on top of that rent and profit were inherently unjust? | Pierre-Joseph Proudhon |
| Who were the economic philosophers who believed that capitalism was the last step before an inevitable revolution which would throw out the bourgeoisie and establish a paradise for proletarians? | Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels |
| What is the historical term for the decade in which food shortages, overpopulation, and unemployment helped turn ideological turmoil into revolution in the mid 19th century? | This decade is called "The Hungy Forties", which also included the potato famine in Ireland. |
| Which group in Britain, in 1838, demanded universal manhood suffrage, vote by secret ballot, and other democratic reforms? | The Chartists (Chartism) |
| In Italy, what was the name of the secret society in the early 19th century that supported liberal and nationalist goals, especially the goal of a unified Italy? | Carbonari |
| Which French monarch in the late 1820's passed a series of unpopular policies, which included dissolving the legislature, imposing strict censorship of the press and imposing the death penalty for offenses against the Catholic hurch? | Charles X |
| What is the proper term, coined during the French Revolution, that defines a coherent set of beliefs about the way social and political order should be organized? | ideology |
| Which political ideological group in Britain, generally speaking, wanted government to limit its economic role to maintain the currency, enforce business contracts, and support major enterprises like the military and the railroads? | liberals |
