| A | B |
|---|
| Which kind of wave travels through the body of a medium? | body waves |
| Rayleigh waves cause the ground to move | in an elliptical, rolling motion. |
| What kind of eruption produces runny lava with low viscosity and few trapped gases? | quiet |
| Which of the following is NOT a major volcano cone type? | mantle plume |
| This area is both a major earthquake zone and volcano zone. | Pacific Ring of Fire |
| Which of the following are major volcanic areas? | mid-ocean ridges, boundaries of tectonic plates and subduction zones |
| What is it called when magma does not reach Earth’s surface, but cools and solidifies inside the crust? | pluton |
| Which wave travels along the surface of a medium? | Surface wave |
| What instrument records ground vibrations? | seismograph |
| Composite volcanoes are also known as | stratovolcanoes. |
| Volcanic eruptions may be signaled by | a change in earthquake activity. |
| Magma that flows onto Earth’s surface. | lava |
| A volcanically active area of Earth’s surface, commonly far from a tectonic plate boundary. | hot spot |
| Volcanic ash, dust, blocks, bombs, and lapilli are all | pyroclastic materials. |
| Liquid rock produced under Earth’s surface. | magma |
| An area where no direct seismic waves from a particular earthquake can be detected is called | a shadow zone. |
| What kind of eruption produces thick, sticky lava with high viscosity and a high volume of trapped gases? | explosive |
| On the modified Mercalli scale, how is intensity XII described? | causes total destruction |
| Any activity that includes the movement of magma toward or onto Earth’s surface. | volcanism |
| What is called when a block of deformed rock suddenly returns to its undeformed shape? | elastic rebound |
| Which earthquake scale uses fault size and distance the fault blocks move to measure magnitude? | moment magnitude |
| What are the fastest body waves? | P waves |
| Magma that is rich in feldspar and silica is called | felsic. |
| Pillow lava forms | on a mid-ocean ridge. |
| What kind of volcano is rarely more than a few hundred meters high, with slope angles up to 40 degrees and forms from explosive eruptions? | cinder cone volcano |
| Which of the following measures the intensity of an earthquake and ranges from I to XII? | modified Mercalli scale |
| The eruption of Mount St. Helens was | an explosive eruption. |
| Earthquakes generally occur at plate boundaries, where | stress on rocks is greatest. |
| A large depression formed by the collapse of a volcanic cone is called a | caldera. |
| What scale is used to quantify an earthquake’s intensity by measuring the ground motion. | Richter scale |
| Which wave can only travel through solids? | S wave |
| Which of the following is included in pyroclastic material? | dust, lapilli and ash |
| Which wave can travel through solids, liquids and gases? | Body waves |
| What is a large circular depression called that forms when the magma chamber below a volcano partially empties and causes the ground above to sink? | caldera |
| What is the instrument that displays earthquake motion? | seismogram |
| In addition to frequent volcanoes, what else indicates an area of tectonic plate boundaries? | earthquakes |
