| A | B |
|---|
| Roman Catholic Church | unified western Europe |
| Christian Church | increased its governmental power, was dominant in the lives of people |
| Catholic Church in the Medieval Period | focused on landscapes, unifying Europe, revolved around God and the Church |
| Middle Ages | period in history between the fall of the Roman Empire and the fifteenth century |
| Christian monasteries | Providing shelter for travelers, cared for the sick, created liiuminated manuscripts |
| Charlemagne | crowned by Pope Leo III as “Emperor of the Romans” |
| characteristics of the Vikings | attacked churches and monasteries, polytheistic, used longboats to travel |
| sacraments | prayers for forgiveness of sins |
| simony | selling a church position |
| Holy Roman Empire | under Charlemange’s rule, the new Christian Rome |
| Gothic Catherdal | tall spires with large stained glass windows |
| crusade | holy war to reclaim the holy lands |
| seven deadly sins | greed, envy, wrath, gluttony, lust, pride and sloth, that one must avoid in order to go to heaven |
| goal of the Age of Faith | revive the church and return to Christian principles |
| Saladin | Muslim leader who recaptured Jerusalem |
| Constantinople; Istanbul | Byzantine capital renamed by the Ottoman Turks |
| reasons why Crusades left a legacy of religious hatred | atrocities were committed by Christians against Muslims; atrocities were committed by Muslims against Christians; Christians masssacred Jewish communities |
| goal of the Crusades | to conquer the Holy Land |
| all sins forgiven and a place in heaven | promised to Christian Crusaders |
| agreement after the Third Crusade | Muslims control the holy land; Christians can visit |
| reconquista | retaking of Spain from the Muslim Moors |
| religious persecution | being punished for religious beliefs |
| effects of the Crusades | weakened the pope; stimulated trade; bitterness between Christians, Muslims, and Jews |
| Vikings | invaders from the North |
| divine right | the power to rule was given by God |
| feudal system | kings, nobles, knights, peasants, serfs |
| guilds | people who train others to do a job |
| three field system | rotation of crops |
| vernacular | everyday language |
| Thomas Aquinas beliefs | religious truths could be proven |
