| A | B |
|---|
| kinetic | Referring to motion |
| Kinetic energy | The energy an object has because of its motion |
| insignificant | The particles in a gas are considered to be small, hard spheres with an ______________ volume |
| Tiny, constant | According to the kinetic theory, all matter consists of ______ particles that are in ________ motion. |
| molecules, atoms | According to the kinetic theory, the particles in a gas are usually ___________ or _______ |
| rapid, constant, random | The motion of the particles in a gas is _______, ________ and ___________. |
| shape, volume | Gases fill their containers regardless of the __________ and ___________ of the containers |
| straight-line | The particles of a gas travel in a ________________ path until they collided with another particle, another object or walls of the container. |
| empty space | Between particles of a gas there is _________ _______. |
| independent | The motion of one particle in a gas is _______________ of the motion of all the other particles. |
| random walk | The aimless path the molecules take in a gas is called a _________ _________. |
| elastic | All collisions between particles in a gas are perfectly _____________. |
| kinetic energy, loss | During an elastic collision, _______________ is transferred without ______ from one particle to another. |
| gas pressure | Results from the force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object. |
| simultaneous collisions | Gas pressure is the result of ______________________________ of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas with an object. |
| vacuum | An empty space with no particles and no pressure is called.... |
| atmospheric pressure | results from the collisions of atoms and molecules in air with objects. |
| decreases | Atmospheric pressure ________ as you climb a mountain. |
| decreases, increases | The density of Earth's atmosphere _________ as the elevation __________ |
| barometer | Used to measure atmospheric pressure. |
| pascal | The SI unit of pressure |
| kilopascals | The reason why we use ______________ is because normal atmospheric pressure is 100,000 pascals. |
| standard atmosphere | The pressure required to support 760mm of Hg at 25 degrees Celsius |
| 760mm Hg, 101.3kPa | 1 atm = ________ = ________ |
| absolute zero | Temperature at which the motion of particles theoretically ceases. |
| no attractions, attracted | According to the kinetic theory, there are _________________ between particles of a gas, but the particles of a liquid are _____________ attracted to each other. |
| intermolecular attractions | Reduce the amount of space between the particles in a liquid. |
| hardly, volume | Increasing the pressure on a liquid has ________ any effect on its _______ |
| vaporization | The conversion of a liquid to a gas or vapor |
| evaporation | When a liquid converts to a gas without boiling. |
| evaporation, minimum | During ______, only those molecules with a certain _________ kinetic energy can escape from the surface of the liquid. |
| increases | A liquid evaporates faster because heating ________ the average kinetic energy of its particles. |
| cooling | Evaporation is a _____________ process |
| highest, first | As evaporation occurs particles with the _____________ energy tend to leave __________ |
| decreases | As a liquid evaporates it's average temperaure ________________ |
| vapor pressure | measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid. |
| vaporize | When a partially filled container of liquid is sealed, some of the particles at the surface of the liquid _____________ |
| some particles condense and return to a liquid form | Why doesn't a sealed container of liquid completely evaporate? |
| boiling point | The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquidis just equal to the external pressure on the liquid. |
