| A | B |
|---|
| buying on margin | purchasing stocks on credit or with borrowed money |
| Black Tuesday | stock market crashed. So many people wanted to sell stocks and so few wanted to buy. Stock prices collapsed. |
| business cycle | up and down pattern of business |
| Great Depression | The severity and length of the downturn of the economy |
| Bonus Army | World War I vets who went to capital to demand early payment of a military bonus |
| Franklin D. Roosevelt | took active steps to provide aid as governor of NY. Helped him win Pres. election of 1932 |
| New Deal | Roosevelt & Congress worked together to create new programs to aid economic recovery |
| fireside chats | radio addresses in which FDR spoke directly to American people. |
| Tennessee Valley Authority | hired people to build dams/generators bringing electricity/jobs to communities in Tennessee River valley |
| Frances Perkins | Nation's first woman cabinet member |
| New Deal Critics | Those who believed New Deal went too far and those who believed it did not go far enough |
| Eleanor Roosevelt | First Lady and active supporter of New Deal programs |
| Social Security Act | provided some financial security for the elderly, disabled , children and unemployed |
| Congress of Industrial Organizations | new union that organized workers into unions based on industry, not skill level |
| sit-down strike | workers stayed in the factoriies so they could not be replaced by new workers but refused to work. |
| court-packing bill | Roosevelt's plan to appoint a new Supreme Court justice for every justice who was over 70. This would allow him to appoint 6 new justices. |
| Dust Bowl | Massive dust storms that swept regions in Great Plains |
| Mary McLeod Bethune | African American woman appointed to FDR's administration |
| John Steinbeck | author of The Grapes of Wrath. Novel obout family of farmers who were forced to move to California for work |
| Woody Guthie | Folk singer |
| Movies during Great Depression | offered an escape from realty |
| Radio Shows | Little Orphan Annie and The Lone Ranger |
| Effects of New Deal | Programs still around today- FDIC and Social Security |
