| A | B |
|---|
| Stanza | The intentional grouping of lines in a poem (based on rhyme, rhythm, ideas…) |
| Couplet | 2 line stanza |
| Quatrain | 4 line stanza |
| End-stopped lines | The grammatical structure reaches completion at the end of a line |
| Enjambment | Grammatical structure overflows from one line to another (run-on) |
| Caesura | A pause or break in a line of poetry (indicated by period, hyphen, ellipsis…) |
| “white” space | Intentional use of empty space within a poem (concrete poem- when “white” space can create an identifiable shape/object.) |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words. |
| Onomatopoeia | Sound words. Words or non-words that direct transcription of sound. |
| Repetition | Word, phrase, line, idea is purposefully repeated throughout the poem. |
| Rhyme | Repetition of similar vowel sounds within a line of poetry, true rhyme must have different preceding consonants (ran-fan, not fat-fan). |
| Meter | Rhythm of a poem. Dominant meter of a poem is established by how the syllables are stressed. |
| Allusion | Reference to a person, place, event that the reader is likely to be familiar with. |
| Hyperbole | An extreme exaggeration; obvious stretching of the truth. |
| Imagery | Use of language that appeals to the five senses (sight, sound, smell, hear, touch). |
| Metaphor | Direct comparison between two unlikely things. (simile uses “like” or “as”) |
| Personification | When an animal, object, or idea is given human qualities. |
| Symbol | When a concrete object is intended to represent an abstract idea. |
| Mood | The emotional impact. (on purpose) |
| Voice | The speaker of the poem; not necessarily the poet. |
| Tone (bonus word) | attitude the speaker displays towards his/her subject |
| Point of View (bonus word) | Perspective of the poem speaker (1st, 2nd, 3rd) |
| Foot (bonus word) | Measurement of poem’s rhythm, one stressed and unstressed syllables that seem to go with it. |
| Style (bonus word) | Specific characteristics of the poem (compilation of all the above) |
