| A | B |
|---|
| abscess | An accumulation of pus |
| ataxic | Uncoordinated muscle movement |
| band castration | Nonsurgical castration in which a band is placed above the testicles, thus cutting off the blood supply and causing atrophy of the testicles |
| tetanus | Acute bacterial infection causing muscle stiffness and rigidity; often called lockjaw |
| antigen | Any foreign material that is capable of stimulating an immune response |
| lymph | Transparent yellowish fluid that travels through the lymphatic system. Lymph helps to remove bacteria and proteins, transport fat, and supply lymphocytes |
| “stocking up” (in horses) | Term used to describe an accumulation of fluid in the legs of horses, which have been tied for excessive periods of time |
| phagocytized | Process in which a cell engulfs and ingests particles |
| edema | Swelling due to an accumulation of fluid |
| humoral immunity | The production of antibodies in response to an antigen |
| primary immune response | Initial antibody production that occurs when an antigen is first introduced to the body |
| secondary immune response | A quick response mounted against a second exposure to an antigen, which typically prevents disease development |
| pus | An accumulation of infection fighting cells, destroyed pathogens, dying tissue cells, and tissue fluid that result at the site of infection. |
| modified live vaccine | Immunization manufactured from an altered version of a pathogen |
| killed vaccine | Immunization manufactured from the dead version of a pathogen. |
| passive immunity | Immunity resulting from transfer of antibodies from one animal to another. |
| colostrum | Antibody-rich milk that is first produced by the mother and secreted initially after parturition. |
| intranasally | In the nose. |
| kennel cough | Disease involving severe cough, which commonly occurs in dogs kept in close quarters such as in a kennel. |
| pruritis | Severe itchiness |
| atopy | Sensitization to foreign antigens. |
| anaphylaxis | Generalized life-threatening allergic reaction. |
| titer | Measure of antibody levels in the bloodstream. |
| seroconversion | A change in titer reading by four times. |
| ELISA | Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. |
| antigenic determinant | The site of recognition on an antigen is called the ______________________________. |
| interstitial | Lymph begins as ____________________ fluid that forms between the cells |
| spleen | The ____________________ removes aged red blood cells from circulation. |
| neutrophils and macrophages | ____________________ and ____________________ have the primary responsibility of phagocytizing antigens when first detected by the body |
| hypothalamus | The ____________________ gland controls body temperature. |
| Edward Jenner | ____________________ is credited with the first vaccination |
| Smallpox | ____________________ is the human disease closely associated with cowpox |
| purulent | A ____________________ discharge indicates the presence of pus |
| Antihistamines | ____________________ are used to treat atopy to pollens, dust, and dust mites. |
| four | In seroconversion, a titer must change by a factor of ____________________ times. |
| viral | A ____________________ pathogen must attach itself to a cell before it invades the cell. |
| Persistently Infected | In veterinary language, PI means ______________________________. |
