| A | B |
|---|
| abduction | movement of drawing away from the middle |
| adduction | movement of drawing toward the middle |
| alignment | placing of portions of a fractured bone into correct anatomical position |
| ambulate | able to walk |
| ankylosing spondylitis | form of arthritis that first affects the spine and adjacent structures and as it progresses causes a foward bend of the spine |
| bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | a common painful disorder of the wrist caused by pressure on nerves |
| chiropractic | therapy that consists of manipulation of the vertebral column |
| chiropractor | specialist in therapy consisting of manipulation of vertebral column |
| Colles fracture | type of wrist fracture at distal end of radius and distal fragment being displaced backward |
| crepitus | crackling sound heard when two bones rub against each other |
| deformity | distortion of any part or disfigurement of the body |
| dislocate/dislocation | temporary displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint |
| eversion | turning outward of ankle |
| exostosis | abnormal benign growth of the surface of a bone |
| extension | movement in which limb is placed in a straight position |
| flexion | movement in which a limb is bent |
| fracture | broken bone |
| gout | excessive amount of uric acid in blood causes NA+ uric crystal to be deposited |
| herniated disc | rupture of the intervertebral disc |
| immobilize/immobilization | making of a part or limb immovable |
| inversion | turning inward of ankle |
| Lyme disease | infection caused a bacteria carried by deer ticks and transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected tick |
| muscular dystrophy | group of hereditary dissease characterized by degeneration of muscle and weakness |
| myasthenia gravis | chronic disease charactereized by muscle weakness and thought to be caused by a devect in the transmission of impulses from nerve to muscle cell |
| orthopedics | dealing with the study and Rx of diseases and abnormality of the musculoskeletal system |
| orthopedist | physician who specialized in study of bones and muscles |
| orthopod | another name for orthopedist |
| orthotics | orthopedic appliances used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities |
| orthotist | one who is skilled in making orthopedic devices used to support, align, prevent or correct deformities |
| osteoclast | type of bone cell involved in absorption and removal of bone minerals |
| osteopath | physician who specializes in osteopathy |
| osteopathy | system of medicine that utilizes usual forms of Dx adn RX with emphasis of role of the relationship between the body organs and MS system; manipulation may be used in addition to other treatment |
| osteoporosis | abnormal loss of bone density |
| plantar fasciitis | inflammation of plantar fascia, connective tissue of the sole of the foot, due to repetitive injury |
| podiatrist | specialist RX and Dx foot disease and disorders |
| pronation | movement that turn the palm down |
| prosthesis | an artificial substitute for a missing body part |
| reduce/reduction | restoring a fractured bone to its normal position |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic systemic disease characterized by autoimmune inflammatory changes in the connective tissuse throughout the body |
| rheumatologist | physician who specializes in the study and treatment of rheumatic diseases |
| rheumatology | study and treatment of rheumatic disease and musculoskeletal disorders characterized by inflammation and degeneration of structures |
| rotation | turning around its own axis |
| spinal stenosis | narrowing of the spinal canal with compression of nerve roots |
| spondylolisthesis | forward slipping of one vertebra over another |
| supination | movement that turns the palm up |
| symmetry | both sides being equal |
| traction | pulling force exerted on a limb in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal position |
| ankylosis | abnormal condition of stiffness |
| aponeurorrhaphy | suture of an aponeurosis |
| arthralgia | pain in the joint |
| arthritis | inflammation of a joint |
| arthrocentesis | surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate fluid |
| arthroclasia | surgical breaking of a joint |
| arthrodesis | fusion of a joint |
| arthrography | x-ray filming of a joint |
| arthroplasty | surgical repair of a joint |
| arthroscopy | visual examination inside a joint with a scope |
| atrophy | without development |
| bradykinesia | slow movement |
| bursectomy | excision of a bursa |
| bursitis | inflammation of a bursa |
| carpal | pertaining to the wrist |
| carpectomy | excision of a wrist bone |
| chondrectomy | excision of a cartilage |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| chondroplasty | surgical repair of a cartilage |
| clavicular | pertaining to the collar bone |
| costectomy | excision of a rib |
| costochondral | pertaining to the ribs and cartilage |
| cranial | pertaining to the skull |
| cranioplasty | surgical repair of the skull |
| cranioschisis | fissure of the skull |
| craniotomy | incision into the skull |
| diskectomy | excision of an intervertebral disk |
| diskitis | inflammation of an intervertebral disk |
| dyskinesia | difficult movement |
| dystrophy | abnormal development |
| electromyogram | record of the electric activity in a muscle |
| femoral | pertaining to the upper leg bone |
| fibromyalgia | pain in the fibrous tissues and muscles |
| humeral | pertaining to the upper arm bone |
| hyperkinesia | excessive movement |
| hypertrophy | excessive development |
| iliofemoral | pertaining to the upper pelvic bone and upper leg bone |
| intercostal | pertaining to between the ribs |
| intervertebral | pertaining to between the vertebrae |
| intracranial | pertaining to within the skull |
| ischiofibular | pertaining to thelower pelvic bone and lateral lower leg bone |
| ischiopubic | pertaining to the lower and anterior pelvic bones |
| kyphosis | abnormal hump (of thoracic spine) |
| laminectomy | excision of the lamina of the vertebra |
| lordosis | abnormal condition of bending forward (fwd curve of lumbar spine) |
| lumbar | pertaining to the low back |
| lumbocostal | pertaining to the low back and ribs |
| lumbosacral | pertaining to the low back and sacrum |
| maxillectomy | excision of the upper jaw bone |
| maxillitis | inflammation of the upper jaw bone |
| meniscectomy | excision of the meniscus |
| meniscitis | inflammation of the meniscus |
| myalgia | pain in muscle |
| myasthenia | muscle weakness |
| myeloma | tumor of the bone marrow |
| myorrhaphy | suture of a muscle |
| myositis | inflammation of muscle |
| ostectomy | excision of bone |
| osteitis | inflammation of the bone |
| osteoarthritis | inflammation of bone and joint |
| osteoblast | developing bone cell |
| osteochondritis | inflammation of the bone and cartilage |
| osteoclasis | surgical breaking of a bone |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
| osteofibroma | tumor of the bone and fibrous tissue |
| osteomalacia | softening of bones |
| osteomyelitis | inflammaiton of the bone and bone marrow |
| osteonecrosis | death of bone tissues |
| osteonecrotic | pertaining to the death of bone tissues |
| osteopenia | abnormal reduction of bone mass |
| osteopetrosis | abnormal condition of stonelike bones |
| osteosarcoma | connective tissue tumor of the bone |
| patellectomy | excision of the knee cap |
| pelvic | pertaining to the pelvis |
| pelvisacral | pertaining to the pelvis and the sacrum |
| phalangectomy | excision of a finger or toe bone |
| polymyositis | inflammation of many muscles |
| pubic | pertaining to the anterior pelvic bone |
| pubofemoral | pertaining to the front pelvic bone and upper leg bone |
| rachiotomy | incision into the vertebral column |
| rachischisis | congenital fissure of the vertebral column |
| radial | pertaining to the lateral lower arm bone |
| rhabdomyolysis | dissolution of straited muscle |
| sacral | pertaining ot the sacrum |
| sarcopenia | abnormal reduction of connective tissue |
| scoliosis | abnormal (lateral) curve of the spine |
| spondylarthritis | inflammation of the vertebral joints |
| spondylosis | abnormal condition of the vertebra |
| spondylosyndesis | fusion together of the spine |
| sternoclavicular | pertaining to the sternum and collar bone |
| sternoid | resembling the sternum |
| subclavicular | pertaining to under the collar bone |
| subcostal | pertaining to below the rib |
| submandibular | pertaining to below the lower jaw bone |
| submaxillary | pertaining to below the upper jaw bone |
| subscapular | pertaining to below the shoulder blade |
| substernal | pertaining to below the breast bone |
| suprapatellar | pertaining to above the knee cap |
| suprascapular | pertaining to above the shoulder blade |
| symphysis | growing together |
| synovectomy | excision of the synovial membrane |
| synoviosarcoma | malignant tumor of the synovial membrane |
| tarsals | pertaining to the bones of the ankle |
| tarsectomy | excision of one or more ankle bones |
| tendinitis | inflammation of a tendon |
| tenomyoplasty | surgical repair of the tendon and muscle |
| tenorrhaphy | suture of a tendon |
| tenosynovitis | inflammation of the tendon and synovial membrane |
| tibial | pertaining to the tibia |
| ulnoradial | pertaining to the ulna and radius |
| vertebrocostal | pertaining to the vertebrae and ribs |
| vertebroplasty | surgical repair of the vertebra |
| vertebral | pertaining to a vertebra |
| ulnar | pertaining to the medial lower arm bone |
| sternal | pertaining to the breast bone |
| scapular | pertaining to the shoulder blade |
| patellar | pertaining to the knee cap |
| phalangeal | pertaining to a finger or toe bone |
| mandibular | pertaining to the lower jaw bone |
| maxillary | pertaining to the upper jaw bone |
| iliac | pertaining to the upper pelvic bone |
| ischial | pertaining to the lower pelvic bone |
| fibular | pertaining to the lateral lower leg bone |
| costal | pertaining to a rib |
