| A | B |
|---|
| aqueducts | Romans built these to bring water to their city |
| Julius Caesar | The Roman ruler that declared himself emperor |
| Carthage | a city in northern Africa that Romans conquered |
| Constantine | This emperor was after Diocletian. He established Constantinople. He accepted Christianity. |
| forum | the center of life in Rome - it held trials before a judge |
| Pantheon | large temple in Rome - still standing |
| Ides of March | March 15 - the day Julius Caesar was killed |
| Apennine Mountains | mountains that form a backbone on the Italian Peninsula |
| republic | a form of government where the people choose their leaders |
| consuls | the branch of Roman government that consisted of only two members |
| gladiators | unfree men that were forced to fight to the death |
| domes | Roman architecture that resembled an upside-down bowl and did not need center support |
| Pompeii | city covered in ash and mud when Mt. Vesuvius erupted |
| Pax Romana | Latin for Roman peace |
| Scipio | 25 year old general that defeated Hannibal and gained control of Carthage |
| Diocletian | emperor that divided Roman Empire into two parts - he controlled the eastern part |
| Caesar Augustus | emperor during the time known as "Pax Romana" |
| Colosseum | famous stadium site to many gladitorial contests |
| Senate | the oldest and most powerful branch of the Roman Empire - made up of Patricians |
| Hannibal | general from Carthage that led an army with elephants against Rome |
| olives and grapes | Ancient Rome's chief export and most important crop |
| Patrician | a group in Roman society made up of the wealthy Romans |
| Plebeian | the largest group in Roman society made up of farmers, traders,and craftsman |
| Byzantine Empire | the eastern portion of the Roman Empire was renamed this |
| Romulus and Remus | twins that fought over the location and naming of Rome - Roman legend |
| Punic Wars | battles between Rome and Carthage - because Carthage was once part of Phonecia |
| Tiber River | the river that runs near Rome |
| concrete | a building material first made by Romans |
| mosaic | an art form using small bits of glass, brick, or stone set with mortar to form a picture |
| vandal | someone who destroys property |
| mercenary | a hired soldier that receives pay for his services |
| tribune | a plebeian that is chosen to protect the rights of all plebeians |
| Caliguia | A Roman emperor that was cruel and mentally unstable. He even tried to make his horse a senator |
| Claudius | A good Roman emperor that worked hard to improve conditions in Rome - He returned stolen art to its owners |
| Nero | A horrible Roman emperor that even poisoned his stepbrother and murdered his own wife and mother! Yikes! |
| Marcus Aurealius | The last of the 5 good emperors of Rome.He believed that Romans should live simple lives, control their emotions, and be dutiful to the state |
| veto | I forbid |
| Constaninople | First called "New Rome" - it was the 2nd capital city of the Roman Empire - located in the eastern part of the Empire |
| Theodosius | Emperor that declared Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire |
| Etruscans | An early group of people that occupied Rome and taught Romans many valuable things |
