| A | B |
|---|
| Henry VIII | broke with the Catholic Church, started the English Reformation |
| Elizabeth I | Protestant Queen of England who intensified rivalry with Spain |
| Scotch-Irish | Scotsmen settled by the Engish in Ireland to subdue the rebellious Irish |
| Sea Dogs | English pirates who preyed on Spanish ships and New World Cities |
| Francis Drake | sailed around the world plundering Spanish ships and cities |
| Roanoke | Sir Walter Raleigh's attempt to colonize what is now the North Carolina coast |
| Sir Humphrey Gilbert | attempted unsuccessfully to colonize Newfoundland |
| Spanish Armada | defeated by English sea dogs in 1588 |
| Philip II of Spain | attempted to conquer England in 1588 |
| enclosure movement | forced many small farmers off the land in England |
| primogeniture | the oldest son inherits land |
| joint stock company | private company formed for quick profit |
| Virginia Company | joint stock company that sponsored the Jamestown colony |
| 1607 | founding of Jamestown |
| Captain John Smith | saved the Jamestown colony through harsh discipline |
| Powhatan | local Indian leader who kidnapped John Smith |
| Pocahantas | daughter of Powhatan |
| Lord De La Warr | led a relief expedition to Jamestown in 1610 and attacked the local Indians |
| John Rolfe | married Pocahantas to end the first Powhatan War |
| disease, disorganization and disposability | Three D's that defeated the Powhatans |
| Tobacco | crop that saved Virginia |
| 1619 | year the first African slaves were landed in Jamestown |
| indentured servants | servants bound out for a number of years in exchange for passage to the New World |
| James I | made Virginia a royal colony |
| Lord Baltimore | Catholic founder of Maryland |
| Act of Toleration | Maryland law that decreed religious liberty for Christians but death for Jews and athiests |
| Sugar | foundation of the economy of the West Indies |
| Barbados | source of early South Carolina settlers and harsh attitudes on slavery |
| Charles I | defeated and beheaded by Parliamentary forces in 1649 |
| Oliver Cromwell | leader of the Parliamentary Army in the English Civil War |
| Charles II | restored to the throne in 1660 |
| Carolina | founded in 1670, named for Charles II |
| rice | major export crop from Carolina |
| Lords Proprietors | Owners of the Carolina Colony |
| North Carolina | split from South Carolina in 1712 |
| Tuscaroras | destroyed the Carolina town of New Bern in 1711 |
| Georgia | last of the 13 colonies to be founded |
| James Oglethorpe | founded Georgia as a buffer against the Spanish |
| The Plantation Colonies | Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia |
| Mowhawks, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida and Tuscarora | Tribes of the Iroquois Confederacy |
| Longhouse | dwelling typical of the Iroquois Confederacy |
| headright system | grants of land designed to encourage English immigration to Virginia |
| Nathaniel Bacon | led an early rebellion against Virginia government over its policies toward Native Americans |
