| A | B |
|---|
| analysis | The breakdown of something that is complex into smaller parts in such a way that leads to a better understanding of the whole. |
| Control Group | The group or subject that is used as a standard for comparison in an experiment. |
| Experimental Group | The group or subjects that is included in the experiment. This is the group where the independent variable is applied. |
| data | Information, measurements and materials gathered from observations that are used to help answer questions. |
| experiment | A test using observations and controlled variables to discover answers to questions, and/or to check a hypothesis. |
| hypothesis | An educated guess about the outcome of an experiment based on evidence that is testable |
| inference | A logical explanation or conclusion based on observations and/or facts. |
| Scientific Method | A process of critical thinking that uses observations and experiments to investigate testable predictions about the physical universe. |
| observation | The data collected by using the five senses to learn about objects and events. |
| prediction | A statement made about the future outcome of an experiment based on past experiences or observations. It is found in the “then” portion of a hypothesis. |
| Qualitative data | Data that is based on observable characteristics of things or events that can be collected using the five senses. Example: “The juice tastes sweet to me.” |
| Quantitative data | Data that is based on measurable characteristics of things or events such as mass, volume, length, and quantity. Example: “There is one liter of juice in the carton.” |
| repeated trials | experimental tests done more than once. |
| theory | An explanation for generalized patterns in nature that is supported by much evidence based on data collected using scientific methods. |
| scientific law | a statement that describes an observable occurrence in nature that appears to always be true. |
| dependent variable | A factor that responds to changes in other variables in an experiment; “it changed” variables. |
| independent variable | A factor that can be changed or manipulated in an experiment by the scientist; “you change it” variables. |
| Constant or controlled Variable | A variable/variables that are held the same/consistent for all experimental groups. |
