| A | B |
|---|
| Biosphere | All living things and all the places they are found on Earth |
| Biodiversity | Biological diversity of life from bacteria to plants, animals, fungi, and protists |
| Species | Group of living things that can reproduce among themselves and have fertile offspring |
| Biology | The study of life |
| Organism | individual living thing |
| cell | basic unit of life |
| Metabolism | all of the chemical reactions with an organism |
| DNA and RNA | Genetic material or directions for an organism |
| Characteristics of life | Made of one or more cells, needs energy, responds to the environment, has reproduction and development |
| system | organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole, digestive system, nervous system |
| ecosystem | physical environment with different species that interact with other living and non-living things. |
| homeostasis | maintaing a constant internal environment in an organism: right oxygen level, temperature,or chemical balance. |
| Evolution | a change in living things over time |
| adaptation | inherited trait that gives individual organisms an advantage in survival and can be passed on to other generations. |
| Themes in Biology | Systems of related parts, structure and function, maintaining homeostasis, evolution, unity and diversity |
| Observation | using our senses and tool to study the world |
| Data | quantitative and qualitative recordings of what one observes |
| qualitative data | 5 senses: it smells, tastes, feels, sounds, looks good- but you can't apply a numerical amount to it. |
| quantitative data | uses numbers: 5 gummi worms, 14 decibels of sound, 12.2 seconds of time |
| hypothesis | an educated guess |
| Steps of the scientific method | Observation, form hypothesis, test hypothesis, analyze data, conclusion evaluating results |
| independent variable | what the experimenter changes in an experiment |
| dependent variable | what the experimenter measures in an experiment |
| constants | the conditions that do not change in an experiment |
| theory | has a wide range of evidence supporting it (100's of experiments) with no data refuting its findings. |
| Light microscope | enlarges objects 10-500X , light must be able to pass through the object |
| SEM or scanning electron microscope | Shows the surface of an dead object can magnify 1000X or more |
| TEM or transmission electron microscope | Shows the inside of an object. Magnifies 1000X or more |
