| A | B |
|---|
| genetics | study of heredity |
| heredity | passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| inherited traits | traits that are passed from parents to their offspring |
| traits | characteristics |
| chromosomes | threadlike structures in the nucleus of a cell that control heredity |
| genes | parts of a chromosome that control inherited traits |
| DNA | chemical contained in chromosomes |
| replication | process by which DNAis duplicated |
| dominant gene | stronger gene that always shows itself |
| hybrid | having two unlike genes for a particuar trait |
| pure | having two like genes for a particular trait |
| recessive gene | weaker gene that is hidden when the dominant gene is present |
| Punnett square | chart that shows possible gene coombinations |
| blending | combination of genes in which a mixture of both traits show |
| X and Y | chromosomes that determine the sex of an organism |
| sex-linked traits | traits that are controlled by the sex chromosomes |
| inherited disease | disease caused by an inherited gene |
| controlled breeding | mating organisms to produce offspring with certain traits |
| hybridization | mating two different kinds of organisms |
| inbreeding | mating closely related organisms |
| mass selection | crossing plants with desirable traits |
| genetic engineering | methods used to produce new forms of DNA |
| gene splicing | moving a section of DNA from the genes of one organism to the genes of another organism |
| genotype | gene combination for a particular trait; for example BB or Aa |
| phenotype | appearance of a particular trait; for example, brown eyes |
