| A | B |
|---|
| oceanographer | A scientist or engineer from almost any field who works to better understand and use the oceans. |
| Challenger expedition | First true oceanographic expedition, beginning in 1872 and lasting four years. |
| sounding | Remotely measured physical quantity in depths of the sea or in the heights of the atmosphere. |
| sonar | Form of artificial echolocation using sound waves to measure distance. |
| diving bell | Large, bell shaped submersible lowered from a ship in order to explore or to work on the sea bottom. |
| scuba | A diving system that permits a diver to carry a supply of air with him for extended periods underwater without any connection to surface. |
| mixed-gas diving | Diving system used for extremely deep dives that reduces the medical hazards of breathing normal air under high pressures. |
| underwater habitat | Underwater outpost that allows people to live and work on the ocean bottom for long periods of time without diving equipment. |
| Bathyscaphe | Earliest type of untethered deep sea ocean exploration vehicle that provided a limited ability to explore the sea bottom. |
| bathysphere | First deep water manned submersible consisted of a hollow steel ball that was equipped with windows; lowered/raisen on a steel cable. |
| Trieste | Deepest diving manned submersible in history. |
| deep submergnece vehicle | Manned submersible designed to carry a small crew of three or more to extreme ocean depths for scientific research. |
| remotely operated vehicle | Unmanned, tethered, robotic submersible used to work on the ocean bottom: deep sea oil wells and shipwreck salvage operations. |
| autonomous undersea vehicle | Unmanned untehered, submersible vehicle that uses artificial intelligence to control its operations. |
| unmanned undersea vehicle | Any type of unmanned submersible vehicle. |
