| A | B |
|---|
| glacier | thick sheets of ice |
| irrigation | method to water crops by channeling water from rivers or streams |
| surplus | extra |
| civilization | an advanced culture in which people have developed cities, science, and industries. |
| culture | way of life |
| culture area | regions in which groups of people have a similar way of life |
| kayak | small boats originally made from skins |
| potlatch | ceremony at which the hosts showered their guests with gifts |
| adobe | sun-dried brick |
| clan | groups of families that were related to one another |
| sachem | tribal chief |
| Muhammad | Founder of Islam |
| Mansa Musa | Muslim Ruler of Mali |
| navigation | the science of locating the position and plotting the course of ships |
| Zheng He | Chinese Explorer |
| monotheism | the idea that there is only one God |
| Jesus | the Messiah and Son of God in the Christian Religion |
| salvation | everlasting life |
| direct democracy | form of government in which an assembly of ordinary citizens makes decisions |
| republic | form of government in which people choose representatives to govern them |
| feudalism | system in which a ruler grants parts of his land |
| Martin Luther | Monk and founder of the Lutheran Church |
| Henry the Navigator | Portuguese explorer, soldier and prince |
| Vasco da Gama | Portuguese Sailor and first person to sail directly from Europe to India |
