| A | B |
|---|
| An ____ is tissue taken from the patient's own body. | autograft |
| The femoral artery and the femoral vein are occasionally used for ___ ____ when the great vessels are not accessible because of disease. | cardiac bypass |
| Accumulated blood or fluid in the pericardium can compress the heart and impede filling of the ______. | ventricles |
| A procedure in which a series of transmural channels is created with a loser to allow oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to perfuse the myocardium. | transmyocardium revascularization |
| Commonly caused by rheumatic heart disease. | Mitral valve disease |
| An enclosed cavity in the chest containing the heart and large vessels, trachea, esophagus, and lymph nodes is the _____. | mediastinum |
| A device that produces electrical impulses that stimulate the heart muscle is a/an _____. | pacemaker |
| Fibrillation is _____. | ineffectual quivering of the heart. |
| Orthotopic transplantation ______. | involves replacing one heart with another |
| Manipulation of the heart during dissection may cause _____. | ventricular fibrillation |
| The phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract is called _____. | systole |
| _____ is a procedure to increase blood flow to the heart in patients in whom bypass surgery or medical management is not feasible. | transmyocardial revascularization |
| _____ demonstrates the movement of blood through the valves and can be used to measure the ejection fraction and end systolic and end diastolic volume. | ventricular angiograph |
| Before closure of a coronary artery bypass, radiopaque material may be placed around each vein graft on the aorta. This is done to _____. | mark the veins in the event of future cardiac catherization |
| An internal device used in patients who are susceptible to ventricular fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia is a/an ______. | implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
| The ventricular defibrillation leads are inserted into the heart _____. | transvenously |
| _____ is reduced blood supply to tissue which may be a result of obstruction within the blood vessels or external pressure, which acts as a tourniquet. | Ischemia |
| A pacemaker is implemented to provide electrical simulation to the heart to _____. | increase a slow heart rate |
| Bradycardia is a heart rate ______ beats per minute. | 40-60 |
| The implantable cardioverter defibrillator is an electronic cardiac defibrillating and monitoring device used in patients susceptible to ____. | ventricular defibrillation and atrial tachycardia |
| ____ is the most common incision used for surgical procedures of the heart and great vessels in the thoracic cavity. | Median sternotomy |
| Cardioplegia solution is used to ____. | stop the heart's pumping action |
| The aortic valve maintains one-way blood flow from the ____ to the aorta. | left ventricule |
| During an aortic valve replacement, a _____ incision is most commonly made to open the aorta. | transverse |
| The mitral valve is located between the ____. | left artrium and left ventricle |
| During coronary artery bypass surgery, the surgeon occludes the ascending aorta and inserts the indwelling catheter for infusion of _____. | cardioplegic solution and venting of air |
| Removal of the native heart and replacement with a donor heart is indicated for patients with ____ cardiac disease. | end-stage |
| Two classifications of anyeurism are ____. | saccular and fusiform |
| An artificial pacemaker is implanted in the body to correct cardiac arrhythmia cause by ______. | disease of the conduction system |
| Heterotopic ("piggyback") transplantation is the insertion of a ____ (donor) heart into the recipient patient's _____. | second; right pleural cavity |
| Tachycardia is a fast heart rate, usually over ____ beats per minute | 120 |
| The three layers of the heart are the outer epicardium, the middle myocardium, and the inner _____. | endocardium |
| Cardiac catheterization is an ____ procedure and involves insertion of a cardiac catheter into the heart chambers and large vessels via a peripheral artery or vein. | interventional radiology |
| The Rummel tourniquet, commonly used in cardiovascular surgery, is a short length of rubber tubing either commercially prepared or cut from a _____. | straight (Red Robinson) urinary catheter |
| A midline incision from the sternal notch to 2 to 3 inches below the xyphoid is called a ____ sternotomy. | median |
| Heart rate over 120 beats per minute. | ventricular tachycardia |
| Heart rate of 240 to 450 beats per minute. | atrial flutter |
| Chaotic, disorganized stimulation of the ventricle(s) that does not pump the blood. | ventricular fibrillation |
| Chaotic, disorganized stimulation of the atrium (atria) that prevents artrial contraction (which helps fill the ventricle with blood). | artrial fibrillation |
| Abnormally slow heartbeat below 60 beats per minute. | bradycardia |
| The absence of a heartbeat; cardiac standstill. | asystole |
| Treated with a pacemaker. | bradycardia |
| Lidocaine (Xylocaine) 1% is commonly used in the treatment. | ventricular tachycardia |
| Treated with cardiac ablation. | asystole |
| _____ is located in the right side of the heart between the ventricle and the artrium. | tricuspid valve |
| _____ recieves oxygenated blood from the right atrium. | left ventricle |
| ____ is between the left atrium and left ventricle. | bicuspid (mitral) valve |
| A diseased mitral valve is replaced to prevent blood from regurgitating here. What is it? | left atrium |
| ____ recieves deoxygenated blood from the body. | right atrium |
| ____ is connected to the pulmonary artery by the pulmonary valve. | right ventricle |
| Rheumatic heart disease causes damage to which valve? | bicuspid valve |
