| A | B |
|---|
| The Kindergarten Movement | Elizabeth Peabody organizes the first English-speaking kindergarten in 1860. |
| Susan Blow | Founder of the first public school kindergarten and the International Kindergarten Union (IKU). |
| Progressive Education | The major effort to reform schooling at all levels to make it more democratic. |
| John Dewey | Believed that the purpose of education is to ensure the effective functioning of a democratic society and introduced the idea of integrated curriculum. |
| The Child Study Movement | A movement to understand the individual differences in children through direct observation--led by Stanley Hall. |
| The Nursery School Movement | This movement involved schools that served children younger than kindergarten and based their philosophy on nurturing development--it eventually launched the wider field of early childhood education. |
| Patty Smith Hill | The first member of the NAEYC, whose views dominated the work of the nursery school movement during its early years. |
| Caroline Pratt | Inventor of wooden unit blocks and had the motto, "I learn from children." |
| Lucy Sprague Mitchell | Launched the Bureau of Educational Experiments and formed the "Bank Street approach". |
| Parent Cooperative Preschools | Parents organize and start their own nursery schools. |
