| A | B |
|---|
| Cell | basic unit of structure and function of all living things |
| Cell membrane | separates the cell from its external environment and other cells |
| Nucleus | controls activities of cell and cell division |
| organelle | little body in cell |
| Chromatin | inside nucleus and contains DNA and protein |
| Chromosomes | short, rod-like structures that stores hereditary DNA (46 in humans) |
| Nuclear membrane | double layered membrane surrounding nucleus |
| Ribosomes | Aids in protein synthesis |
| Cytoplasm | fluid inside the cell where all chemical reactions in cell takes place |
| Centrioles | two organelles found near nucleus that separate during mitosis to pull chromosomes equally into daughter cells |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | May be smooth or rough; serves as path for transport in cytoplasm |
| Mitochondria | "Powerhouse" of the cell; provides energy for the cell |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | stored energy in the cell |
| Golgi Apparatus | organelle that packages secretions for discharge from cell |
| Lysosomes | called "suicide bags" because they contain enzymes that digests old worn out cells, bacteria and foreign matter |
| Cilia | hairlike protrusion from cell membrane that moves materials across surface of cell |
| Flagella | tail-like structure that propels the cell (found on sperm cell) |
| Meiosis | cell division of sex cell or gamete |
| Mitosis | Smooth, orderly series of steps for cell division |
| Protein Synthesis | producing protein within the cell |
| Necrosis | unprogrammed death of cells |
| Apoptosis | "programmed cell death" |
| Passive Transport | passage of material through the cell membrane NOT requiring energy |
| Active Transport | passage of material through the cell membrane REQUIRING energy |
| Diffusion | process where molecules of gases, liquids or solids spread evenly through a medium |
| Osmosis | diffusion of solvents through a selective permeable membrane |
| Phagocytosis | "cell eating" |
| Pinocytosis | "cell drinking" |
| Atrophy | decrease in cell size |
| Hypertrophy | increase in cell size |
| Dysplasia | change in shape, size or organization of cells |
| Tumor | cell division does not occur in usual pattern |
| Benign | tumor confined to a local area |
| Metastasis | process which tumors spread to other parts of the body |
