| A | B |
|---|
| Atom | Small Unit of Matter, makes up all stuff. |
| Element | Made of only 1 type of atom, based on p+ |
| Molecule | Smallest piece of a compound, made of atoms |
| Compound | 2+ atoms chemically bonded, pure substance, no physical separation |
| Ion | Atom with a charge |
| Cation | Positive Ion due to loss of e- |
| Anion | Negative Ion due to gain of e- |
| Isotope | Version of an element with a set # of neutrons |
| Mass Number | Weight of One Isotope (p + n) |
| Atomic Mass | Weighted Average of all Common Isotopes |
| Atomic Number | # of p+, determines element |
| Particle | Specific Unit of Matter (Atom, Molecule, etc) |
| Subatomic Particle | Part of an Atom (p, n, e) |
| Nucleus | Dense positive core of an atom, made of p & n |
| Shell | Area w/ e- (aka cloud, e- layer, etc) |
| Proton | Positive part of the nucleus, determines element, 1 amu |
| Neutron | Neutral part of the nucleus, holds p+ together |
| Electron | Negative part of the shell, determines chemical rxns |
| Valence Shell | Outer layer of e-, responsible for all chem rxns |
| amu | Atomic Mass Unit |
| Charge | Electrically polarity caused by a difference between p+ & e- |
| Isotope Name | Element - Mass # |
| Matter | Anything with Mass and Volume |
| Pure Substance | Made of 1 Thing (Element or Compound) |
| Mixture | 2+ things physically combined |
| Homogeneous Mix | Evenly spread throughout, 1 Phase |
| Heterogeneous Mix | Unevenly spread throughout, 2+ Phases |
| Solution | Evenly mixed at Molecular Level, 1 Phase |
| Colloid | Unevenly dispersed at Microscopic Level, Fluffy, Translucent |
| Tyndall Effect | Scattering of light through a Colloid |
| Suspension | Unevenly mixed at the Visible Level, Temporary |
| Metal | Conductive, Malleable, Ductile, Shiny, Reacts w/ Acid |
| Non-Metal | Non-conductive, Brittle, Dull, often gases, sometimes colorful |
| Metalloid | Has properties metals and non-metals |
| Boron ZigZag Line | Line separating metals and non-metals on the table |
| Malleable | Bends without breaking, can hammer flat |
| Ductile | Can be pulled into an unbroken wire |
| Brittle | Breaks/Shatters when bent |
| Ionic Compound | Metal loses and Non-Metal gains e- to bond |
| Covalent Compound | Electrons shared between Non-Metals |
| Aqueous | Water Solution |
| Acid | Dissolves Metals, H+ in Water, pH < 7 |
| Base | Dissolves Organics, OH- in Water, pH > 7 |
| Neutral | Equal H+ and OH- in Water, pH = 7 |
| Alloy | Solid metal solution to get desired properties |
| Allotrope | Specific version of an element based on arrangement |
