| A | B |
|---|
| Space | physical gap or interval between two objects |
| Distribution | the arrangement of a feature in space |
| Density | the frequency with which something occurs in space |
| Examples of Density | people per square mile; houses per city block; number of cars per square mile |
| Concentration | the extent of a feature's spread over space |
| Clustered | when objects in an area are close together |
| Dispersed | when objects in an area are relatively far apart |
| Examples of Concentration | locations of pro baseball teams; average size of the yards of homes in an area; how many gas stations are in an area |
| Pattern | the geometric arrangement of objects in space |
| Examples of Pattern | grid-like pattern of city streets; shape of agricultural fields; "rings" of suburbs around the Twin Cities |
| Connection | relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space |
| Hearth | a place from which an innovation originates |
| Diffusion | the process by which a characteristic spreads across space from one place to another place over time |
| Relocation Diffusion | the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another |
| Expansion Diffusion | the spread of a feature from one place to another in an additive process |
| Hierarchical Diffusion | the spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places |
| Contagious Diffusion | the rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population |
| Stimulus Diffusion | the spread of an underlying principle even though a characteristic itself apparently fails to diffuse |
| Example of Hearth | democracy spreading from ancient Greece; Hinduism spreading from India |
| Examples of Relocation Diffusion | transfer of tomatoes from the Americas back to Europe; English spreading from England to the 13 colonies |
| Examples of Hierarchical Diffusion | spread of Republican & Democratic campaign platforms from Washington D.C. to Lakeville, MN; spread of fashion from Italy to New York to Lakeville |
| Examples of Contagious Diffusion | spread of Ebola in Africa; spread of HIV/AIDS from Africa to U.S.; when a video "goes viral" |
| Examples of Stimulus Diffusion | touch-screen technology transferring from Apple to Samsung; pagans accepting certain parts of Christianity that were similar to their existing spiritual beliefs |
