| A | B |
| hierarchy | system of ranking groups, people |
| ziggurat | larger, stepped platform, believed for religious purpose |
| civil law | branch of law dealing with private rights and matters |
| criminal law | branch of the law deals with offenses against others |
| bureaucracy | system of gov't through departments and subdivisions administered by officials |
| barter economy | exchange of one set of goods or services for another |
| money economy | goods and services are paid for through the exchange of tokens of an agreed value |
| colony | territory settled and ruled by people from another land |
| pharaohs | Egyptian kings |
| vizier | chief minister |
| mummification | preservation of dead bodies by embalming them and wrapping them in cloth |
| hieroglyphics | system in which symbols or pictures represent objects, concepts or sounds |
| papyrus | a plant that grows on the Nile used to make paper-like writing material |
| deciphering | figuring out the meaning of |