| A | B |
|---|
| basic structure of the nervous system | neuron |
| carry impulses toward the cell body | dendrites |
| single nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body | axon |
| space between axon of a neuron and dendrites of other neurons | synapse |
| nerves that carry messages from the body to the brain and spinal cord | afferent or sensory |
| nerves that carry messages from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands | efferent or motor |
| consists of brain and spinal cord | central nervous system (CNS) |
| made of the nerves, has two divisions, somatic and autonomic | peripheral nervous system |
| system that carries messages between CNS and body, contains crainial and spinal nerves | somatic nervous system |
| nervous system that controls involuntary body functions, contains sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, allows the body to react in times of emergency | autonomic nervous system |
| system that acts in emergencies, prepares the body to act, fight or flight | sympathetic nervous system |
| after an emergency, this system counteracits and slows/calms body down | parasympathetic nervous system |
| largest section of the brain, responsible for reasoning, thought, memory, judgement, speech, senses, voluntary movement | cerebrum |
| part of the brain responsible for coordination of muscles, balance, posture, and muscle tone | cerebellum |
| contains thalamus and hypothalamus | diencephalon |
| part of brain that relays impulses to the cerebrum and allows for recognition of pain and temperature | thalamus |
| part of the brain that regulates the autonomic nervous system and emotions | hypothalamus |
| part of brain responsible for eye reflexes | midbrain |
| part of the brain responsible for chewing, tasting, saliva, respiration | pons |
| part of brain that is the lowest part of brainstem, connects with spinal cord, responsible for vital signs | medulla oblongata |
| membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord | meninges |
| four hollow spaces within the brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid | ventricles |
| fluid that circulates continually between ventricles and subarachnoid space in meninges, acts a shock absorber to protect the brain and spinal cord | cerebrospinal fluid |
| chronic degenerative neuromuscular disease, loses all ability to communicate, breathe, eat, move, but mind is still active | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS or Lou Gehrig's disease) |
| condition from nerve and tendon getting pinched in forearm from repetitive meovemtn of wrist causing swelling | carpal tunnel syndrome |
| neuromuscular disease cause by lack of oxygen at birth of prenatal rubella, disturbance in voluntary muscle action | cerebral palsy |
| blood flow to brain is impaired from occlusion or blockage in vessel, also called stroke | cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
| paralysis on one side of the body | hemiplegia |
| difficulty swallowing | dysphagia |
| speech and language impairment | aphasia |
| inflammation of the brain | encephalitis |
| brain disorder associated with abnormal electrical impulses in neurons of the brain | epilepsy |
| excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricls | hydrocephalus |
| inflammation of the meninges of the brain/spinal cord | meningitis |
| chronic, progressive condition from degeneration of the nyelin sheath in the CNS, usually occurs betwee 20 and 30 | multiple sclerosis |
| nerve pain | neuralgia |
| paralysis of lower extremities cause by a spinal cord injury | paraplegia |
| paralysis of all four extremities, arms and legs | quadriplegia |
| chronic progressive condition involving degeneration of brain cells, usually in people over 50 | Parkinson's disease |
| acut inflammation fo nerve cells cause by the herpes virus | shingles |
