| A | B |
|---|
| Recessive | Allele that is "hidden" whenever a dominant allele is present. Must have two be expressed--rr. |
| Probability | Likelihood of something occuring. In genetics, whether each parent will pass a particular allele to offspring. |
| Homozygous | Having two of the same alleles (TT or tt) |
| Carrier | A person who has the allele for a trait but does not show it. In pedigrees, may be half-shaded. Tt. |
| Dominant | Always shows in an organism, even when other alleles are present. Only need one to show in traits: Tt. |
| Punnett square | Chart that shows all of the possible combinations of alleles that can occur in a genetic cross. |
| Alleles | Different forms of a gene. |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a trait. Shows the dominant trait. Tt. |
| Pedigree | Chart/"tree" that tracks a trait within a family. Circles-->females. Squares-->males. |
| Homozygous dominant | Two dominant alleles for a trait. Shows dominant trait. TT |
| Homozygous recessive | Having two recessive alleles for a trait. Shows recessive trait. tt. |
| Genotypes | Genetic makeup. Total combination of alleles. Represented with letters. Dominant=capital=T. Recessive=lower-case=t. |
| Sex-linked traits | Genes that are carried on the X chromosome. Recessives ones are most common in males. XrY or XrXr |
| Sex chromosomes | Only chromosomes that do not always match in size or number of genes. Females: XX. Males: XY |
| Phenotype | Organism's physical appearance or visible traits. Expression of inherited traits. Ex: black fur, brown eyes, etc. |
| Genetics | Study of inheritable traits. Gregor Mendel is considered to be the "father" of it. |
| Inheritance | All of the characteristics that you get from your parents (in genetics). |
