| A | B |
|---|
| killer T cells | attack and kill infected cells |
| B cells | label invaders for later destruction by macrophages |
| Helper T cells | activate killer T and b cells |
| macrophages | large white blood cell that engulfs pathogens |
| Neutrophils | white blood cell that kills bacteria |
| natural killer cells | attack only cells that have been infected by microbes |
| antibodies | defensive protein released by B cells |
| allergy | a major defense mounted by the bodys immune system against a harmless substance |
| amylases | break down starches into sugars |
| lysine | hormone that regulates the synthesis of HCI in the stomach |
| proteins | example eggs, fish, nuts, meat, milk, cheese |
| fat rich foods | milk, butter, fried foods, oils |
| carbohydrate rich foods | jams, syrups, breads, pasta, grains |
| Trace elements | minerals that are required by your body |
| Bile salts | break apart fat globules into droplets |
| HCI | unfolds large proteins |
| lipases | break down fat molecules into fatty acids |
| proteases | break down protein molecules into amino acids |
| pharynx | region in the back of the throat |
| esophagus | long tube that connects the mouth to the stomach |
| peristaltic contractions | successive rhythmic waves of contraction of the smooth muscle in the wall of the esophagus |
| chyme | mixture of food, HCI, and enzymes into a semisolid material |
| pancreas | sends enzymes through a duct into the duodenum |
| villi | lining of the small intestine covered with this |
| colon | organ that compacts waste for excretion |
| rectum | short extension of the large intestine |
| nephrons | tube like structure in the kidneys that filters waste from the body |
| filtration | in the kidneys, fluid that has passed from the bloodstream to the Bowman's capsule |
| bowmans capsule | filtration device at the top of each nephron |
| glomerulus | a cluster of capillaries that receives blood from the renal artery |
| renal tubule | serves as a reabsorption device |
| collecting duct | the tube that the renal tubule empties |
| urinary bladder | muscular sac that stores urine |
| urethra | tube which urine leaves the bladder and exits the body |
| ureturs | tube through which urine produced in the kidneys |
| hemodialysis | treatment that cleanses the blood |
| histocompatibility | marker on a body cell that protects it from attack by the bodys immune system |
| portal vein | vein that collects blood leavin the small intestine and carries it to the liver |
