| A | B |
|---|
| Michaelangelo Buonarroti | Renaissance artist and sculptor famous for painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome |
| Leonardo da Vinci | Renaissance artist, scientist and inventor – painter of the Mona Lisa |
| Lorenzo de’ Medici | Renaissance ruler of Florence. |
| Savonarola | Florentine zealot who challenged the Medici family |
| Gutenberg | Inventor of moveable type |
| Martin Luther | German monk who began the Protestant Reformation |
| John Calvin | Protestant leader who set up a theocracy in Geneva, Switzerland |
| Henry VIII | English Renaissance ruler who broke with the Catholic Church |
| Anne Boleyn | Wife of Henry VIII and mother of Queen Elizabeth I |
| Florence | Italian city that was a Renaissance center led by the Medici family |
| Rome | Italian city that is the home of the Vatican, the Sistine Chapel and the Pope |
| Venice | Italian city that was a Renaissance center led by doges |
| Doge | The elected leader of the republic in the city-state of Venice |
| Humanism | Renaissance movement based on the literature and ideas of ancient Greece and Rome, such as the worth of each individual |
| Renaissance | rebirth |
| Theocracy | Government headed by religious leaders or a leader regarded as a god |
| Oligarchy | Form of government in which a small group holds political power |
| Secular | Worldly, not overtly or specifically religious |
| Indulgence | Pardon sold by the Catholic Church to reduce one’s punishment for sins |
| Peace of Westphalia | Ended the Thirty Years War and divided central Europe into Roman Catholic and Protestant territories |
| Council of Trent | Called by the Pope to reaffirm Catholic teachings that had been challenged by the Protestants |
