| A | B |
|---|
| Agricultural Density | ratio of the number of farmers to teh total amount of land suitable for agriculture |
| Arithmetic Density | total number of people divided by the total land area |
| Census | complete enumeration of a population |
| Crude Birth Rate (CBR) | total number of live births in a year fro every 1,000 peole alive in the society |
| Crude Death Rate (CDR) | total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the socity |
| Demographic Transition | process of change in a society's population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase, adn a higher total population |
| Demography | scientific study of population characteristics |
| Dependency Ratio | number of people under the age of 15 and over the age of 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force |
| Doubling Time | number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase |
| Epidemiologic Transition | distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition |
| Epidemiology | branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people |
| Ecumene | portion of eath's surface occupied by permanent human settlement |
| Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) | total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society |
| Life Expectancy | average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live |
| Medical Revolution | medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries an enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives |
| Natural Increase Rate (NIR) | percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate |
| Overpopulation | number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living |
| Pandemic | disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population |
| Physiological Density | number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture. |
| Population Pyramid | a bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex |
| Sex Ratio | number of males per 100 females in the population |
| Total Fertility Rate (TFR) | average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years |
| Zero Population Growth (ZPG) | decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero |
| More Developed Country (MDC) | also known as a "relatively developed c ountry" or a "developed country". A country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development |
| Less Developed Country (LDC) | AKA 'developing country'. A country that is at a relatively early stagein the process of economic development |
